Vitiligo is a chronic disease associated with the depigmentation of regions of the skin secondary to structural or functional damage to melanocytes. This damage results from interactions between the immune system and oxidative stress. In traditional Persian medicine (TPM), the concept of ' ' or ' ' encompasses a group of skin diseases including vitiligo, for which there has been an emphasis on the preventive and therapeutic role of dietary modifications. In this cross-sectional study, 200 vitiligo patients and 200 controls were enrolled with a random sampling method. The participants included patients with vitiligo referred to the Dermatology Clinic of Shahid Faghihi Hospital (Shiraz, Iran), with the control group being comprised individuals who referred to this clinic for cosmetic purposes. Questionnaires comparing the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms and the rate of adherence to TPM dietary recommendations were filled by all participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0. The case groare suggested to identify the probable role of dietary habits in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.The development of combination therapies has become commonplace because potential synergistic benefits are expected for resistant patients of single-agent treatment. In phase I clinical trials, the underlying premise is toxicity increases monotonically with increasing dose levels. This assumption cannot be applied in drug combination trials, however, as there are complex drug-drug interactions. Although many parametric model-based designs have been developed, strong assumptions may be inappropriate owing to little information available about dose-toxicity relationships. No standard solution for finding a maximum tolerated dose combination has been established. With these considerations, we propose a Bayesian optimization design for identifying a single maximum tolerated dose combination. Our proposed design utilizing Bayesian optimization guides the next dose by a balance of information between exploration and exploitation on the nonparametrically estimated dose-toxicity function, thereby allowing us to reach a global optimum with fewer evaluations. We evaluate the proposed design by comparing it with a Bayesian optimal interval design and with the partial-ordering continual reassessment method. The simulation results suggest that the proposed design works well in terms of correct selection probabilities and dose allocations. The proposed design has high potential as a powerful tool for use in finding a maximum tolerated dose combination. Madhulai Manappagu- a well-known sastric and widely prescribed Siddha herbal syrup formulation indicated for treating Veluppu Noi (Anaemia especially Iron deficiency Anaemia) has been in day today practice in Tamil Nadu for a quite longer decades. The syrup is a herbal preparation which has a sweet pleasant odour and a palatable taste, contain the juice of pomegranate ( L.) as the main ingredient. Though the formulation is a fruit juice, the safety profile of the syrup is not established and is being marketed without toxicological evaluation. The study is aimed at ascertaining the acute and sub-acute toxicity assessment of Madhulai Manappagu in Wistar Albino rats. The acute and sub-acute (28day repeated oral) toxicity studies were performed as per the guidelines mentioned in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 423 (adopted on December 2001) and TG 407 (adopted on October 2008) with slight modifications respectively. For acute toxicity study, three female rats were randomly sys repeated oral) toxicity study, rats have showed no significant changes on behavior, gross pathology, body weight, and hematological and biochemical parameters when treated with Madhulai Manappagu in three different doses. The toxicity studies which include both acute and 28days repeated (subacute) oral toxicity studies, revealed no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of Madhulai Manappagu in animals. Thus the safety of the drug in human usage was ensured.The toxicity studies which include both acute and 28 days repeated (subacute) oral toxicity studies, revealed no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of Madhulai Manappagu in animals. Thus the safety of the drug in human usage was ensured. This work was designed to compare the sensitizing effects of epigenetic modifiers on cancer cells vs. that of glucocorticoids. Also, to evaluate their effects on genes involved in epigenetic changes and drug metabolism. Hepatoma cells (HepG2) were treated with the anticancer drug (Taxol), with a histone deacetylase inhibitor (Trichostatin A [TSA]), DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (5-Aza-dC) or dexamethasone (DEX). Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT assay and the apoptosis was determined by Annexin V-FITC. The expression levels of , , , were monitored by qRT-PCR. TSA, synergistically enhanced cells sensitivity with the anticancer effect of Taxol more than 5-Aza-dC and DEX. This was evidenced by the relative decrease in IC in cells cotreated with Taxol+TSA, Taxol+5-Aza-dC or Taxol+DEX. Apoptosis was induced in 51.2, 16.9 and 41.3% of cells, respectively. In check details of Taxol, TSA induced four-fold increase in the expression of and downregulated genes demonstrated progressive expression (uon and glucocorticoid effects. TSA exerts its role through its modulatory role on epigenetics and drugs metabolizing genes. Other modifiers (5-Aza-dC and DEX), however may adopt different mechanisms.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmittable pathogenic viral infection that causes a disease known as COVID-19. It is a pandemic and public health challenge ravaging the world today. Unfortunately, with the daily increase of infected individuals, there is no known drug approved for the treatment of COVID-19. #link# However, there are therapeutic drugs with the potentials to inhibit endocytic pathways, suppress ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase activities, and reduce the replication of SARS-CoV-2. These drugs modifications are aimed at reducing inflammation, time of recovery, and number of deaths. This review is aimed at providing updated information on the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, preventive measures and therapeutic drugs used against SARS-CoV-2. The finding of this review revealed that some of these drugs are transmembrane protease, serine 2, and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibitors with the capacity to block the entrance/replication of SARS-CoV-2 in a host cell and therefore, may be promising in preventing the spread and mortality of SARS-CoV-2.