To evaluate how prevertebral space involvement (PSI) and degree of tumor extension within the space affects prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Data of patients with newly-diagnosed nonmetastatic NPC (n=757) were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were separated into groups according to presence or absence of PSI and degree of tumor spread. Overall survival (OS), failure-free survival (FFS), local relapse-free survival (LRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were compared between the groups. Prevalence of PSI, simple prevertebral muscle involvement (PMI), and behind prevertebral muscle involvement (BPMI) were 44.9% (340/757), 22.5% (170/757), and 22.5% (170/757), respectively. OS, FFS, LRFS, and DMFS for patients with and without PSI were 64% vs. 84.8%, 68% vs. 85.6%, 85.8% vs. 94.4%, and 78.5% vs. 92.8%, respectively (all P<0.001). PSI was an independent predictor of OS, FFS, LRFS, and DMFS. OS, FFS, and DMFS for patients with simple PMI and with BPMI were 72.7% vs. 54.8% (P=0.002), 75.8% vs. 59.8% (P=0.003), and 85.5% vs. 71.2% (P=0.002), respectively. Degree of PSI extension was related to OS, FFS, and DMFS. OS, FFS, LRFS, and DMFS were significantly poorer in patients with PSI in T2-3 stage than in patients without PSI in T3 stage (P<0.05), but comparable to those in patients with T4 stage (P>0.05). PSI predicts poor prognosis in NPC. Survival is poorer in patients with BPMI than in those with simple PMI. NPC with PSI should be classified as T4 stage.PSI predicts poor prognosis in NPC. Survival is poorer in patients with BPMI than in those with simple PMI. NPC with PSI should be classified as T4 stage. Two-opposing photon beams are considered standard of care for flank irradiation in pediatric patients with renal tumors. Nowadays, Image-Guided Radiotherapy (IGRT) techniques allow high-precision dose delivery to complex flank target volumes taking into account postoperative organ shifts and tumor bed motion. This study examines the contribution of a lateral and superior surgical clip on flank target volume delineation intended for IGRT. Between 01-2015 and 09-2019, 30/162 newly-diagnosed pediatric patients with renal tumors, lateral/superior surgical clips (n=30/30) and available 4D-CT-scans (n=27/30), underwent postoperative flank irradiation. The lateral and superior clip, as respective markers for the lateral tumor extension and intrafraction motion, were analyzed. The positive and negative values depict the lateral/dorsal/cranial or the medial/ventral/caudal direction, respectively. Planning target volumes (PTV) were generated based on lateral clips (PTV ), superior clips with 4D-CT technology (PTVme receiving high-dose irradiation when IGRT techniques are applied. Gemcitabine is an antitumour agent currently used in the treatment of several types of cancer with known properties as a radiosensitizer. p38MAPK signalling pathway has been shown to be a major determinant in the cellular response to gemcitabine in different experimental models. However, the molecular mechanism implicated in gemcitabine-associated radiosensitivity remains unknown. The human sarcoma cell lines A673 and HT1080, and a mouse cell line derived from a 3-methylcholanthrene induced sarcoma were used as experimental models. Modulation of p38MAPKs was performed by pharmacological approaches (SB203580) and genetic interference using lentiviral vectors coding for specific shRNAs. Viability was assessed by MTT. Gene expression was evaluated by western blot and RT-qPCR. Induction of apoptosis was monitored by caspase 3/7 activity. Response to ionizing radiation was evaluated by clonogenic assays. Our data demonstrate that chemical inhibition of p38MAPK signalling pathway blocks gemcitabine radiosensitizing potential. Genetic interference of MAPK14 (p38α), the most abundantly expressed and best characterized p38MAPK, despite promoting resistance to gemcitabine, it does not affect its radiosensitizing potential. Interestingly, specific knockdown of MAPK11 (p38β) induces a total loss of the radiosensitivity associated to gemcitabine, as well as a marked increase in the resistance to the drug. The present work identifies p38β as a major determinant of the radiosensitizing potential of gemcitabine without implication of p38α, suggesting that p38β status should be analysed in those cases in which gemcitabine is combined with ionizing radiation.The present work identifies p38β as a major determinant of the radiosensitizing potential of gemcitabine without implication of p38α, suggesting that p38β status should be analysed in those cases in which gemcitabine is combined with ionizing radiation. To estimate the Lyman Kutcher Burman (LKB) and multivariate NTCP models predicting the AUT of prostate cancer treated with CIRT. A cohort of 154 prostate adenocarcinoma patients were retrospectively analyzed. The AUT levels were graded according to CTCAE 4.03. Based on dosimetric parameters and/or clinical factors, a set of variables with best-fit values determined in the two models was validated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and used to correlate the predicted and observed NTCP rates for both levels and related endpoints. 59 (38.3%) patients experienced AUT. For LKB model, the equivalent uniform doses (EUDs) were calculated to be 62.0GyE (following V >1.7%) and 61.2GyE (following maximum dose>63.0GyE) with predicted NTCP rates of 37.0% (AUC 0.71) and 15.6% (AUC 0.65) for AUT G1&2 and G2 of bladder. While for the multivariate model, the predicted NTCP rates was 37.1% (AUC 0.70) and 20.2% (AUC 0.64) for AUT G1&2 and G2, associated with V and V , respectively. Nocturia was associated with bladder volume and maximum dose for G1&2, with patient's age and maximum bladder dose for G2. Other predictable endpoints were associated with V . The predicted NTCPs agree with the observed complication rates for bladder and its wall. The LKB model successfully predicted the NTCP rates of both AUT levels and urgency urination. see more The multivariate model predicted well on both levels and nocturia. Decreasing high bladder dose volume may reduce the incidence of AUT.The LKB model successfully predicted the NTCP rates of both AUT levels and urgency urination. The multivariate model predicted well on both levels and nocturia. Decreasing high bladder dose volume may reduce the incidence of AUT.