cepa L. bulbs in the control group were treated with tap water; the bulbs in the administration groups were treated with sodium benzoate (100 mg/L), RJ (25 mg/L and 50 mg/L doses), and sodium benzoate-RJ combinations with these doses for 72 h. As a result, it was determined that sodium benzoate application caused inhibition of physiological parameters and MI; induced MN, CAs, and DNA damage; and also caused oxidative stress. Depending on the concentration of RJ application, it reduced sodium benzoate toxicity by showing therapeutic effects in all these parameters. Also, the interaction of sodium benzoate with antioxidant enzyme residues was determined by molecular docking analysis. As a result, it has been understood that abandoning the use of sodium benzoate will be beneficial for the environment and human health and concluded that the use of RJ in the daily diet will be effective in reducing the impact of exposed toxic ingredients.Based on the framework of sustainable livelihood analysis and using the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) data, this paper examines the connection between livelihood assets and farmers' nutritional intake. Results show that capital endowment and nutritional intake of farmers with diversified production are greater than those who specialize; capital endowment and nutritional intake of horticultural households are greater than those who engage in agriculture. Compared with non-economically disadvantaged households, higher livelihood assets have significant association with improved fat and protein intake of economically disadvantaged households. Compared with diversified farmers, more livelihood assets have significant association with improved energy and carbohydrate intake of agricultural households. Compared with those who specialize, additional livelihood assets have significant association with improved fat and protein intake of farmers with diversified production.The concept of climate neutral has been introduced in the agricultural production system to re-examine the connotation of agricultural carbon footprint (CF). According to the integrated accounting framework of the agricultural CF we built, then selected a case from China, and carried out the climate economic effect quantitative analysis of the agricultural production system. The results indicated that CO2 emissions accounted the largest percentage of total carbon emissions by 52.05%, which was driven strongly by the application of agricultural fertilizers and consumption of diesel oil and CH4 emissions (ME) from cattle fed intestinal fermentation, and the driving force behind carbon sequestration was derived from the woody cash crops of carbon sequestration by vegetation and the input of residual carbon from straw returning to field and root stubble in the soil carbon pool. The carbon sink finally realized in the agricultural production system and the agricultural CF index reflected the surplus of 1.801 Mt C in the study area. In addition, we used the indicators of carbon density, carbon intensity, and carbon efficiency to judge the trade-offs of cost-benefit between the agroecosystem and economic system, so as to put forward some potential mitigation strategies for the study area. The mitigative effect of agricultural production system on climate neutral need to be further estimated in a more rigorous manner while controlling for more uncertainties in the future.Sustainable development is significantly contributing the environmental degradation due to improvements in financial sector in One Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) region. Thus, the present research work constructs the sustainable development index for BRI. Afterwards, it unfolds the nexus of sustainable development-environmental degradation and also evaluates the role of financial development indicators in BRI economies. By utilizing the robust mean group, the present study quantifies the long-run marginal impacts of sustainable development, financial development indicators, energy consumption, and urban sprawl on environmental degradation, respectively. The marginal impacts infer an inverted U-shaped sustainable development environmental Kuznets curve in BRI region. The sustainable development, energy consumption, and urban sprawl are enriching the environmental degradation, whereas the financial development indicators have an adverse impact on environmental degradation by induction of interaction of sustainable development-financial development. Dihydroartemisinin clinical trial Therefore, the improvements in financial development indicators will help to achieve the sustainable development. Note + and _ depict the significant positive and negative impact respectively while illustrates ⇒ causal direction.Urban air pollution with PM2.5 as the main pollutant has become increasingly prominent in China since 2010. Scholars have conducted many studies on how urbanization affects PM2.5, but few concerns about the relationship between construction land (CL) expansion and PM2.5 at different scales from the perspective of expansion rate. Therefore, this study takes CL and PM2.5 data in China to describe the spatiotemporal progress of atmospheric environmental pollution and then adopts the overall and spatial coupling models to quantitatively reveal the dynamic relationship between them. The results indicate that the growth rate of PM2.5-polluted area in China was found to increase rapidly for 2000-2010 time period, followed by a continuous decline afterward. The annual average growth rates of CL area and PM2.5-polluted area within 15 years were 4.43% and 2.46%, respectively. Moreover, the barycenter distance between PM2.5 concentration and CL decreased gradually, and the two barycenters approached closer. Also, the spatial coupling coordination of CL and PM2.5 enhanced in Central, West, and East China but weakened in Northeast. Cities with a "very strong" coupling type are mainly located in the "Chongqing-Beijing" belt and the lower-middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Finally, the spatial coupling model results show that a low PM2.5 concentration is closely related to CL expansion. This study will provide a basis for cross-regional joint air pollution control and the management of heavily polluted areas in China.