Despite decades of research on pathophysiology of myocardial stunning, protein changes and/or phosphorylation status underlying alterations in cardiac function/structure remain inadequately understood. Here, we utilized comprehensive and quantitative proteomic and phosphoproteomic approaches to explore molecular mechanisms of myocardial stunning in swine. The closed-chest swine (n=5) were subjected to a 10-minute LAD occlusion producing regional myocardial stunning. Tissues from the ischemic LAD region and a remote non-ischemic area of the left ventricle were collected 1-hour after reperfusion. Selleckchem SGI-1027 Ion current-based proteomics (IonStar) and quantitative phosphoproteomics were employed in parallel to identify alterations in protein level and site-specific phosphorylation changes. A novel swine-heart protein database exhibiting high-accuracy and low-redundancy was developed here to facilitate comprehensive study. Further informatic investigations identified potential protein-protein interactions in stunned myocardional research in porcine models with cardiovascular diseases.BACKGROUND The error in estimating meal carbohydrates (CHO) amount is a critical mistake committed by type 1 diabetes (T1D) subjects. The aim of this study is both to investigate which factors, related to meals and subjects, affect the CHO-counting error most and, to develop a mathematical model of CHO-counting error embeddable in T1D patient decision simulators to do in silico clinical trials. METHODS A published dataset of 50 T1D adults is used, which includes patient's CHO-count of 692 meals, dietitian's estimates of meal composition (used as reference), and several potential explanatory factors. The CHO-counting error is modeled by multiple linear regression with stepwise variable selection starting from 10 candidate predictors, i.e. education level, insulin treatment duration, age, body weight, meal type, CHO, lipid, energy, protein and fiber content. Inclusion of quadratic and interaction terms is also evaluated. RESULTS Larger errors correspond to larger meals, most of the large meals are underestimated. The linear model selects CHO (p less then 0.00001), meal type (p less then 0.00001) and body weight (p=0.047), while its extended version embeds a quadratic term of CHO (p less then 0.00001) and interaction terms of meal type with CHO (p=0.0001) and fiber amount (p=0.001). The extended model explains 34.9% of the CHO-counting error variance. Comparison with the CHO-counting error description previously used in the T1D patient decision simulator shows that the proposed models return more credible realizations. CONCLUSIONS The most important predictors of CHO-counting errors are CHO and meal type. The mathematical models proposed improve the description of patients' behavior in the T1D patient decision simulator.Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the occlusal characteristics in Finnish adults at 12-year follow-up based on the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966) subjects.Methods The occlusal analyses were performed at ages 34 and 46 years of facial pain cases (n = 52) and controls (n = 49) by two different methods.Results At 12-year follow-up, a significant decrease in upper anterior segment peer assessment rating (PAR) score was found in the controls, indicating improvement in teeth alignment. In facial pain cases, left lateral occlusal relationship and midline asymmetry were significantly decreased. Occlusal asymmetry and overjet were significantly increased. In controls, the left canine showed a more normal occlusal relationship, cuspid asymmetry was changed, and midline asymmetry was significantly decreased.Conclusion During a 2-year period, occlusal asymmetry and overjet increased significantly in facial pain cases, while occlusal relationship showed more normal characteristics in controls.Recently, academic health professionals have been increasing collaboration with peers at a distance for activities such as research, scholarship, and faculty development. Novel virtual technologies enable academic professional teams to overcome time and distance barriers to facilitate collaboration, but little research is available to guide academicians on how to effectively organize and manage virtual collaborative teams using these technologies. Based upon a literature review and six years of experience as a virtual collaborative team, the authors use Boyer's Scholarship of Integration paradigm to identify and critique four models for virtual collaboration. The literature search devised from the four identified models found references that had a theoretical foundation for peer virtual collaboration and have been adopted in some professional context. The authors present a review of this literature, describe the benefits for adapting these models to academic health profession contexts, and provide a reflective critique about the challenges for their adaptation in these contexts. They also provide a hypothetical scenario to exemplify the application of these models for health-care professionals along with important considerations and tips when forming new virtual peer collaborative teams or problem-solving teams who are not optimally functioning.The mutual interaction between environment and life is a main topic of biological sciences. An interesting aspect of this interaction is the existence of biological rhythms spanning all the levels of organisms from bacteria to humans. On the other hand, the existence of a coupling between external oscillatory stimuli and adaptation and evolution rate of biological systems is a still unexplored issue. Here we give the demonstration of a substantial increase of heritable phenotypic changes in yeast, an organism lacking a photoreception system, when growing at 12h light/dark cycles, with respect to both stable dark (or light) or non-12 + 12 hours cycling. The model system was a yeast strain lacking a gene whose product is at the crossroad of many different physiological regulations, so ruling out any simple explanation in terms of increase in reverse gene mutations. The abundance of intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDPRs) in both deleted gene product and in its vast ensemble of interactors supports the hypothesis that resonance with the environmental cycle might be mediated by intrinsic disorder-driven interactions of protein molecules.