Two tetraphenylethene-based tetracationic cyclophanes 1 and 2 were synthesized via a one-step SN2 reaction without using any template. Based on the fluorescence and rotational conformation of the tetraphenylethene units, these water-soluble cyclophanes exhibited adaptive chirality with dual responses of turn-on fluorescence and induced circular dichroism when combined with nucleotides and DNA in water.Many natural products have demonstrated functionality as novel, green sorbents for organic compounds. However, only limited reports exist on the use of such green materials as solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbents for select organic acids. In this study, we employed pollen grains as a hydrophilic sorbent and investigated the influence of various extraction parameters using a series of experimental designs. The chemical structure and surface properties of the prepared sorbent were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The Plackett-Burman design was used to experimentally screen for parameters that significantly influenced the extraction performance. Three selected parameters were then statistically optimized by applying a central composite design combined with a response surface methodology. Phenolic acid residues were determined and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection; a mass spectrometric detector in the selected ion monitoring mode was also used for identification. As a practical example, phenolic acids in the soil were successfully separated by the developed pollen sorbent. These results therefore indicate that pollen grains can be considered as a sustainable, green, and safe alternative to bare silica for extraction and separation applications.The reduction of An(vi) (An = U, Np, and Pu) to An(iv) significantly decreases its solubility and mobility. This reaction can be hindered by complexation with inorganic (e.g., carbonate) or organic ligands. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is one such organic ligand that forms stable complexes with actinides. Therefore, it may enhance the mobility of actinides. However, the redox kinetics and mechanisms of actinyl (An(v/vi)O2+/2+)-EDTA are not well characterized yet and are thus studied here using quantum-mechanical calculations. The principle is to approach the actinyl-EDTA and Fe2+ (reductant) in small incremental steps and calculate the system energy at each distance. The overall reaction is then delineated into sub-processes (encounter frequency in bulk solution, formation of outer-sphere complex, transition from outer- to inner-sphere complex, and electron transfer), and reaction rates are determined for each sub-process. The formation of outer-sphere complexes occurs rapidly in microseconds to seconds over a wide range of actinyl concentrations (pM to μM); in contrast, the transition to the inner-sphere complex is relatively slow (milliseconds to a few seconds). Immediate electron transfer to form the pentavalent actinide is observed along the reaction path for Np(vi) and Pu(vi), but not for U(vi). PKM2 inhibitor Surprisingly, in acidic conditions, one of the carboxylic groups gets protonated in EDTA of [UO2(edta)]2- rather than one of the amino groups. This process-based series of calculations can be applied to any redox reaction and allows the prediction of changes to the rate law and rate-limiting step in a more fundamental way for different environments. Australians living in aged care facilities are clinically complex, with multiple comorbidities treated with multiple medicines. Over the past 12 months, there has been unprecedented focus onharm from medications in aged care. This led the Australian Government to fund enhancements to the Residential Medication Management Review (RMMR) program. The aim of this article is to discuss howthe enhanced RMMR program will address barriers and support general practitioners to make medication changes for older Australians. These enhancements are intended to provide a complete cycle of care over nine months, with ongoing collaboration within the healthcare team including residents. This will allow a team approach to medication changes and monitoring resident response over time. Progress reports will provide a history of outcomes with respect to successful and unsuccessful medication changes. Successful outcomes for residents rely on the healthcare team working together.These enhancements are intended to provide a complete cycle of care over nine months, with ongoing collaboration within the healthcare team including residents. This will allow a team approach to medication changes and monitoring resident response over time. Progress reports will provide a history of outcomes with respect to successful and unsuccessful medication changes. Successful outcomes for residents rely on the healthcare team working together. When detected early, nine in 10 Australians with bowel cancer can be successfully treated, yet participation inthe National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) remains low. The aim of this study was to identify enablers and barriers to bowel cancer screening in rural Tasmanian communities from the perspective of general practitioners (GPs). Qualitative analysis of face-to-face interviews with eight GPs was used to determine factors that influence NBCSP uptake in four rural Tasmanian Local Government Areas. High workloads, competing priorities and not knowing when a patient received an NBCSP kit were identified as barriers to supporting the program, while practice reminder systems were seen to improve the likelihood of GPs recommending the program to patients. GPs are important for improving participation in the NBCSP. Incorporating GPs' views of barriers and enablers for screening is key to improving NBCSP participation in rural Tasmania and Australia more broadly.GPs are important for improving participation in the NBCSP. Incorporating GPs' views of barriers and enablers for screening is key to improving NBCSP participation in rural Tasmania and Australia more broadly. In patients without a prevalent fracture, guidelines recommend initiating therapy based on a calculation of absolute fracture risk. Two common calculators are used in Australia - FRAX (Australia) and Garvan Fracture Risk Calculator (Garvan). The aim of this article is to examine whether the decision to treat with bone-preserving medication would be different depending on which calculator was used. Data were entered into each calculator for hypothetical male and female patients, aged 50-85 years, with femoral neck t-scores from +3.0 to -3.0. Garvan consistently predicted a higher absolute fracture risk than FRAX (Australia). The discrepancy increased with increasing age and decreasing bonemineral density, and was most pronounced in the prediction of any fracture, but less so for hip fracture. The decision to prescribe osteoporosis medications for a patient on the basis of fracture risk may depend on which risk calculator is used. Differences in the calculator methods contribute to the discrepancy between them.