BRCA1-mutated breast cancer (BC) is responsible for approximately 25% of hereditary breast cancer cases. BRCA1 is a tumor suppressor protein regulating the cell cycle and DNA repair; therefore its dysfunctions play a significant role in carcinogenesis. BRCA1-mutated BC is associated with basal-like phenotype, lack of expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in addition to frequent TP53 mutations and poor prognosis. Currently used criteria for genetic evaluation of BC for the risk of hereditary mutations are based on patients' age and family history, and therefore are prone to be imprecise or incomplete. This review discusses recently developed sets of immunohistochemical markers, promising independent markers (nestin, ALDH1, FOXO3, claudins, topoisomerase 1, EGFR) and their potential to be incorporated into clinical practice as a support tool in oncological counseling. This approach could be applied as a screening method for cost-effective selection of cases requiring genetic testing or adapted in pathology laboratories with limited access to molecular techniques. Although not all of the described predictor models have been validated yet, they could further improve the performance of BRCA1 screening methods in BC in the near future via increasing the accuracy of criteria for further genetic evaluation.Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are self-renewable and can be differentiated into different cell types. They play an important role in oncogenic signaling pathways, tumor cell heterogeneity, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Selleckchem KN-93 Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) was identified as a specific marker for breast CSCs. The study included a total of 105 patients with a diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) who underwent mastectomy and with sufficient pathology material for histopathological examination. Patient demographics, tumor location, tumor diameter, the presence of lymphovascular and perineural invasion and lymph node metastasis, surgical margin status, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining results were obtained from patients' records. The tumors were classified into IHC-based molecular subtypes according to the St. Gallen Consensus Conference in 2013. A four-tiered scoring system was used based on ALDH1 staining percentage in tumor cells. The tumor was determined as positive if the score was 2 or higher. Clinical, histopathological findings, and ALDH1 staining results were correlated. Twenty-five cases (23.8%) were ALDH1 positive. The ALDH1 positive group compared to the negative group was found to be associated with ER negativity (p = 0.044), but there was no correlation with other clinical and histopathological findings. ALDH1-positive IDCs may be less sensitive to hormonal therapy and associated with aggressive behavior.It is critical to distinguish the rare neoplasm of mucin-producing urothelial-type adenocarcinoma of the prostate (MPUAP) from either prostate origin or metastatic adenocarcinoma. This is mainly because they have different tumor staging, clinical behavior and treatment plans. In the current study, we try to fulfill the lack of knowledge in this field. There were totally 24 MPUAP cases including previous reported 23 cases and adding one new MPUAP case in the current study. We performed IHC and 78 genes panel analysis in two cases of ours. Most of the cases had urinary obstruction symptoms and normal PSA level. Pathological features showed dissection of the stroma by mucin pools and glands lined by pseudostratified columnar mucinous epithelium with varying degrees of cytological atypia. The IHC results showed positive for CK20, CEA, CDX-2, β-catenin, p53, MUC2 and MUC5AC, negative for PSA, AMACR, GATA3, MUC6, AR and NKX3.1 and variable expression for HMWCK and CK7. Genetic analysis revealed concurrent mutations of FAT1 (c.10001 T>C) and HNF1A in both cases. The similar morphology features of MPUAP and colorectal adenocarcinoma were seen. Membranous staining pattern of β-catenin and genetic mutation of FAT1 and HNF1A are two distinct features in MPUAP.Previous evidence has shown that the long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 858 (LINC00858) is an oncogene in non-small cell lung cancers. However, the role LINC00858 plays in gastric cancer (GC) is not clear. To illustrate the role LINC00858 plays in GC, the LINC00858 expression in GC and normal tissues was firstly detected. Then, the viability, proliferation and migration of GC BGC823 and MGC803 cells were assessed following LINC00858 knockdown by si-LINC00858 transfection. The results showed that LINC00858 had a high level of expressions in GC tissues as demonstrated by both online data and qRT-PCR assay. Also, the knockdown of LINC00858 reduced the proliferation and migration of BGC823 and MGC803 cells in vitro. Taken together, our data indicate that LINC00858 plays an oncogenic role in GC cells and might act as a potential therapeutic target for GC.Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare, highly aggressive tumor. The first symptom of MM is mostly serous effusion, and cytology can be used in diagnosis based on effusion, providing patients with an earlier diagnosis and treatment opportunity. A total of 67 specimens were embedded into cell blocks, and BAP1 immunocytochemistry (ICC) was performed. CDKN2A fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed in 45 cases. The sensitivity, specificity and the association between the degree of cell atypia and the results of two auxiliary methods were analyzed. BAP1 ICC showed nonexpression in 13 of 24 cases of MM and 0 of 21 cases of benign mesothelial proliferation (BMP). The sensitivity was 54.2% (13/24), and the specificity was 100% (21/21). In addition, 22 metastatic adenocarcinoma (MA) cases all showed BAP1 expression. MM with BAP1 expression had more obvious cell atypia. CDKN2A deletion was found in 12 of 24 MM cases and 0 of 21 BMP cases. The sensitivity was 50% (12/24), and the specificity was 100% (21/21). BAP1 ICC and CDKN2A FISH are useful methods to differentiate MM from BMP. The cell atypia of MM with BAP1 expression was more obvious than MM with BAP1 nonexpression.