In experiment 1, using LH-treated TC, IGF1, IHH, and WNT3A increased (P less then 0.05) cell numbers and androstenedione production, whereas WNT3A and BMP7 inhibited (P less then 0.05) progesterone production. In experiment 2, FGF9 blocked (P less then 0.05) the WNT3A-induced increase in androstenedione production in LH plus IGF1-treated TC. In experiment 3, RSPO1 further increased (P less then 0.05) LH plus IGF1-induced progesterone and androstenedione production. In experiment 4, SFRP4 and DKK1 alone had no significant effect on TC proliferation or progesterone production of large-follicle TC but both blocked the inhibitory effect of WNT5A on androstenedione production. In contrast, DKK1 alone inhibited (P less then 0.05) small-follicle TC androstenedione production whereas SFRP4 was without effect. We conclude that the ovarian TC WNT system is functional in cattle, with WNT3A increasing proliferation and androstenedione production of TC. Patient complaints are increasingly recognized to provide a valuable insight into patients' experience of healthcare. Being local and subjective, they can bring to light previously under-appreciated causes of patient dissatisfaction. The focus of surgical care is usually an intervention, and the nature of complaints made about surgical care may vary substantially from that in non-surgical specialties. This may have specific implications for quality improvement in surgical departments. To investigate the causes of patient dissatisfaction in surgical care. We retrospectively examined the content and frequency of patient complaints received by surgical departments at a UK district general hospital in the calendar year 2017. Second-hand reports of complaints, documented by the members of the hospital's complaints department, were collated from a prospectively maintained database and categorized by content. Three hundred and ninety-nine complaints were received over the study period. These related to the cng staff communication training, clinical standards and hospital administration continues to represent opportunities to enhance the patients' overall experience of surgical care.The profile of complaints made about surgical departments is similar to that of non-surgical departments in other studies. Clinical issues represented only the third largest cause of complaints. More complaints implicated patient-staff communication, and around half implicated management-related issues. Improving staff communication training, clinical standards and hospital administration continues to represent opportunities to enhance the patients' overall experience of surgical care.Hematotoxicity represents a frequent chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell related adverse event and remains poorly understood. In this multicenter analysis, we studied patterns of hematopoietic reconstitution and evaluated potential predictive markers in 258 patients receiving Axicabtagene ciloleucel (Axi-cel) or Tisagenlecleucel (Tisa-cel) for relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma. We observed profound (ANC less then 100/µl) and prolonged (≥day 21) neutropenia in 72 and 64% of patients respectively. The median duration of severe neutropenia (ANC less then 500/µl) was 9 days. NX-2127 in vitro We aimed to identify predictive biomarkers of hematotoxicity using the duration of severe neutropenia until day +60 as the primary endpoint. In the training cohort (n=58), we observed a significant correlation with baseline thrombocytopenia (r= -0.43, P=0.001) and hyperferritinemia (r=0.54, P less then 0.0001) on uni- and multivariate analysis. Incidence and severity of CRS, ICANS and peak cytokine levels were not associated with the primary endpoint. We calculated the CAR-HEMATOTOX model, which included markers associated with hematopoietic reserve (e.g. platelet count, hemoglobin and ANC) and baseline inflammation (e.g. C-reactive-protein, ferritin). This model was validated in two independent cohorts from Europe (n=91) and the USA (n=109), and discriminated patients with severe neutropenia ≥/ less then 14 days (pooled validation AUC=0.89, Sensitivity 89%, Specificity 68%). A high CAR-HEMATOTOX score resulted in a longer duration of neutropenia (12 vs. 5.5 days, P less then 0.001), and a higher incidence of severe thrombocytopenia (87% vs. 34%, P less then 0.001) and anemia (96% vs. 40%, P less then 0.001). The score implicates pre-CART bone marrow reserve and inflammatory state as key features associated with delayed cytopenia and will be useful for risk-adapted management of hematotoxicity.A 6-year time-series study in the Western Everglades region of Florida, United States examined the influence of woody debris from two tree species on invertebrate richness, abundance, and diversity, as well as tree debris mass loss, fragmentation, and residence time. Samples of decomposing fine woody debris and coarse woody debris (CWD) from non-native Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) Blake and native Pinus elliottii Englem trees were removed from a field site every six months and processed to capture data on biotic and abiotic variables. Invertebrates found within debris were identified to family. A total of 61,985 individual invertebrates from three classes, 17 orders, and 95 families were identified from all debris. Although both tree species supported similar richness and diversity of invertebrates, abundance was greater in P. elliottii CWD compared with M. quinquenervia. Mass loss and fragmentation of debris were more rapid in M. quinquenervia fine woody debris with no differences between species for CWD. Although M. quinquenervia CWD supported fewer invertebrates than P. elliottii, overall the exotic tree provided a similar resource during the decomposition phase as the native P. elliottii suggesting that, unlike when it is alive, its decomposing presence had a minimal impact on invertebrate food webs. Land managers should consider specific intervals between herbicide applications and controlled burns to decrease the magnitude of fires in areas where a significant portion of the fuel load consists of dead M. quinquenervia, knowing that the decomposing trees are providing significant resources for invertebrate communities in the meantime.