Although previous studies have made significant contributions to establishment animal traumatic brain injury (TBI) models for simulation of human TBI, the accuracy, controllability, and modeling efficiency of animal TBI models need to be further improved. This study established a novel high-efficiency graded mice TBI model induced by shock wave. A total of 125 mice were randomly divided into sham, 0.7mm, 0.6mm, and 0.5mm group according to the depth of the cross groove of the aluminum sheets. The stability and repeatability of apparatus were evaluated, and the integrity of blood-brain barrier (BBB), cerebral edema, neuropathological immunohistochemistry, apoptosis-related protein, and behavioral tests of neurological function were utilized to validate this new model. The results showed that four mice were injured simultaneously in one experiment, which were received by the same intensity of shock waves. Moreover, the mortality rates caused by three different aluminum sheets were consistent with the mortality rates of mild TBI, moderate TBI, and severe TBI. Compared with the sham group, mice in different injured groups significantly increased brain water content, BBB permeability, and neuronal apoptosis. And the mice in all injured groups showed poor motor ability, balancing, spatial learning and memory abilities. The novel TBI apparatus has advantages in its small size, simple operation, high repeatability, high efficiency, and graded severity. Our TBI apparatus provides a novel tool to investigate the neuropathological changes and underlying mechanisms of TBI with various level of severities.The novel TBI apparatus has advantages in its small size, simple operation, high repeatability, high efficiency, and graded severity. Our TBI apparatus provides a novel tool to investigate the neuropathological changes and underlying mechanisms of TBI with various level of severities.There is significant interest in understanding the cellular mechanisms responsible for expedited healing response in various oral tissues and how they are impacted by systemic diseases. Depending upon the types of oral tissue, wound healing may occur by predominantly re-eptihelialization, by re-epithelialization with substantial new connective tissue formation, or by a a combination of both plus new bone formation. As a result, the cells involved differ and are impacted by systemic diaseses in various ways. Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent metabolic disorder that impairs barrier function and healing responses throughout the human body. In the oral cavity, diabetes is a known risk factor for exacerbated periodontal disease and delayed wound healing, which includes both soft and hard tissue components. Here, we review the mechanisms of diabetic oral wound healing, particularly on impaired keratinocyte proliferation and migration, altered level of inflammation, and reduced formation of new connective tissue and bone. In particular, diabetes inhibits the expression of mitogenic growth factors whereas that of pro-inflammatory cytokines is elevated through epigenetic mechanisms. Moreover, hyperglycemia and oxidative stress induced by diabetes prevents the expansion of mesengenic cells that are involved in both soft and hard tissue oral wounds. A better understanding of how diabetes influences the healing processes is crucial for the prevention and treatment of diabetes-associated oral complications.Phototherapy has gained great attention in the past decade owing to the advantages of high selectivity and low toxicity. However, it's still a challenge to develop a single photosensitizer that can achieve both photothermal and photodynamic effects. Herein, we design and synthesize a new organic compound (PIT) with a typical D-A-D structure through the covalent conjugation of perylene diimides (PDI) and triphenylamine (TPA). The amphiphilic PIT could be transformed to the nanoparticles (PIT NPs) through nanoprecipitation method. PIT NPs exhibit good water dispersibility with particle size around 70 nm. Because of the efficient NIR absorption, PIT NPs display high photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) (η = 46.1 %) and strong photoacoustic signal under irradiation of 635 nm laser. Moreover, under the same laser irradiation, significant reactive oxygen species can be induced by PIT NPs both in aqueous solution and cancer cells. The MTT assay demonstrate the good biocompatibility and outstanding photocytotoxicity of PIT NPs. Thus, the as-prepared PIT NPs could be used as excellent candidates for photoacoustic imaging and photodynamic/photothermal therapy.Hexagonal nanostructured cobalt oxide @ N-doped MWCNT /polypyyrole (Co3O4/PPy@N-MWCNT) composite was produced by an ultrasonication-mediated solvothermal method for electrochemical supercapacitor and glucose sensor applications. The structural and electrochemical properties of the Co3O4/PPy@N-MWCNT were confirmed by various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The as-prepared electrode showed an excellent capacitance of ∼872 F/g at 0.5 A/g with a capacitance retention of 96.8 %, even after 10,000 cycles. In addition, analysis of the sensing activity of the composite materials towards the glucose detection showed excellent electrochemical sensing performance that includes the glucose linear limit of (10 to 0.15) μm, detection sensitivity of 195.72 μA/cm2/mM, and lower detection value of S = 0.07327 μA/cm2 @ R2 = 0.99. The as-prepared composite material can be a promising candidate for the electrochemical supercapacitor and the efficient sensing of glucose.Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme that catalyzes the dephosphorylation of proteins, nucleic acids, and biomolecules. It is a potential biomarker for diverse diseases such as breast cancer, osteopenia, and hepatobiliary. selleck products Herein, we developed a colorimetric sensor for the ALP assay based on its enzymatic activity to dephosphorylate the p-aminophenol phosphate (pAPP) into pAP. In a solution containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Ag+ ions prepared using a low concentration of NaBH4, pAP mediates the growth of AgNPs by reducing the concentration of Ag+ ions to enhance the intensity of localized surface plasmon resonance as the pAPP cannot induce a reduction of the remaining Ag+ due to the masking of the hydroxyl with phosphate. The quantitative assay of the ALP was demonstrated via the colorimetric detection of the pAP-mediated growth of AgNPs in the presence of an ALP. The highly sensitive enzymatic growth of AgNPs provided a wider dynamic linear range of 0.5-225 U/L with a lower limit of detection of 0.