No major alterations in T- and B-cell populations or plasma cytokines were observed upon MSC infusion. Administration of HLA selected allogeneic MSCs combined with low dose tacrolimus 6 months after transplantation is safe at least in the first year after renal transplantation. This sets the stage to further explore efficacy of third-party MSCs in renal transplantation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Beneficial effects of physical activity (PA) are confirmed in patients with all types of long-lasting diabetes. The possibility of PA to be a factor prolonging remission phase in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) has not yet been thoroughly studied. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to elucidate the influence of regular PA on prevalence of partial remission (PR), metabolic control, daily insulin requirement (DIR), and C-peptide secretion in children newly diagnosed with T1D. METHODS A total of 125 children diagnosed with T1D were studied prospectively for 2 years. Patients were controlled every 3 months and advised with PA according to ISPAD recommendations. Anthropometric parameters, HbA1c, C-peptide level and DIR were analyzed. Patients' PA level was assessed using a self-designed questionnaire. Dizocilpine mw RESULTS We classified 43% of participants as physically-active. In this group, lower HbA1c after 2 years, lower DIR after 3, 6 months, and after 2 years (all P 0.2 nmoL/L) in active group 79.6% vs 61.4% (P = .029). CONCLUSIONS These data support the view that regular PA may essentially contribute to extending PR time in pediatric diabetes, and may therefore lead to a better long-term metabolic control of the disease. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by bone mineral density reduction, weakening the bone structure. Its diagnosis is performed using ionizing radiation, increasing health risk. Optical techniques are safer, due to non-ionizing radiation use, but limited to the analyses of bone tissue. This limitation may be circumvented in the oral cavity. In this work we explored the use of laser speckle imaging (LSI) to differentiate the sound and osteoporotic maxilla and mandible bones in an in vitro model. Osteoporosis lesions were simulated with acid attack. The samples were evaluated by optical profilometry and LSI, using a custom software. Two image parameters were evaluated, speckle contrast ration and patches ratio. With the speckle contrast ratio, it was possible to differentiate sound from osteoporotic tissue. From speckle patches ratio it was observed a negative correlation with the roughness parameter. LSI is a promissory technique for assessment of osteoporosis lesions on alveolar bone. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.BACKGROUND It is well known that exposures to mild stress can precondition organisms to better tolerate subsequent stress exposures in the same or future generations. Since herbicide hormesis also represents a moderate stress to exposed plants, a transgenerational priming is likely but not proven. Especially in herbicide-resistant weeds showing enhanced reproductive fitness after regular herbicide treatments, the ability to induce resilient offspring phenotypes via hormesis may hasten the evolution of herbicide resistance in weeds. This hypothesis was studied for the triazinone metamitron in a F1 offspring generation of PSII target-site resistant (TSR) plants of Chenopodium album propagated after parental conditioning with various metamitron doses. RESULTS In two independent dose-response greenhouse trials, there was a positive correlation between the strength of the stimulatory response during parental preconditioning and the magnitude of transgenerational changes in sensitivity and hormesis expression. Parental conditioning at subhormetic and toxic concentrations lead to less resilient offspring, while conditioning doses that induced a pronounced hormetic effect in F0 plants had a sensitivity-reducing and hormesis-promoting effect on the offspring. The observed reduction in sensitivity in F1 plants compared to unconditioned F1 plants was up to 2.2-fold. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that hormetic herbicide treatments have the ability to prime weeds for enhanced tolerance to subsequent treatments in the next generation. Effects proved dose-sensitive and may act in concert with other stimulatory adaptations in plant populations. This is relevant for weed control and herbicide resistance evolution, but also for herbicide side-effects that go beyond the exposed area. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Educational institutions began international student placements or exchanges in earnest in the 1990s, with varying degrees of success. Although nursing education in a number of countries has embraced giving undergraduate students the opportunity of international experiences, this is still not the norm in many countries, nor within all nursing schools within a country. In our rapidly globalizing world, it is critical that students are given opportunities internationally to be better prepared for practice, to achieve a global mindset and take their place as future global citizens through international experiences. Evidence from the literature shows positive effects on nurses having had international experiences to broaden their horizons, examine other cultures, grow their cultural competence, share and gain knowledge with others, and build their capacity for future practice in an increasingly globalized world. Our focus here is on providing students with short-term undergraduate exchanges or placements in international settings, and encouragement for nursing institutions to develop international partnerships that are sustainable. Some implications for nurse educators and other staff involved in international exchanges are also considered. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Colostrum is the first product secreted by the mammary gland to transfer immunity to the newborn, especially through immunoglobulins (Ig) G. Melatonin is an immunomodulatory factor and there is evidence that it has a direct effect on IgG production. To evaluate the effects of melatonin treatment during pregnancy, litter size and offspring sex on colostrum quality, sixty pregnant Rasa Aragonesa ewes were divided into three groups one group received a melatonin implant at the third month of pregnancy (3M, n = 13), another group at the fourth month (4M, n = 18) and the remaining ewes were not implanted (Control, C, n = 29). Immediately after lambing, a sample of colostrum was collected and IgG, crude protein and fat content analysed. Timing of melatonin implantation (p  less then  .001), and offspring sex (p  less then  .01) had a significant effect on IgG concentration. Colostrum of treated ewes had a higher mean (±SEM) IgG concentration than that of the control ewes (55.54 ± 3.09 and 49.50 ± 4.36 mg/ml, respectively; p  less then  .