Low-tech active learning (AL) exercises in face-to-face (F2F) undergraduate biomechanics courses improve student learning vs. lecture alone. This study compared learning of biomechanics concepts with AL implemented in two course formats (hybrid HB vs. F2F). Additional aims were to investigate if student perceptions of learning epistemology and learning factors were related to course format. Students (n = 110) in four introductory biomechanics courses (two F2F, two HB) completed the 24-question Biomechanics Concept Inventory (BCI) at the beginning and the end of the course to determine their learning of biomechanical concepts. An additional eight questions were given with the post-test to determine student perceptions of the AL exercises and their epistemology of learning. Learning in the HB format was equivalent to the F2F course format when both implement AL in these students. BAY-593 cost Student perceptions of AL were generally positive and learning scores consistent with previous research on AL in biomechanics. There were mixed results of the effect of course format with one significant difference of three ratings of the nature of learning biomechanics and one significant difference of four ratings of AL by students. These results should be replicated and potential interactions with student perceptions and characteristics explored. Leukoplakia is a precancerous lesion considered to be within the spectrum of histopathological results from parakeratosis, through stages of dysplasia to invasive cancer. Narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscopy has been introduced to improve early diagnosis of benign and malignant laryngeal lesions. The aim of this literature review was to evaluate the accuracy of preoperative evaluation of vocal fold leukoplakia with NBI endoscopy in comparison with histology. A systematic review of the literature was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, using 3 different databases PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. The included articles in the systematic review were identified combining each of the following terms "narrow band imaging" OR "NBI," [AND] with each of these terms "laryngeal leukoplakia," OR "vocal fold leukoplakia," OR "vocal cord leukoplakia." The articles that fully met the inclusion criteria were 5 case series, conducted between January 2010 and Fegh association of NBI evaluation of the epithelium surrounding the leukoplakia with the histological diagnosis.The goal of metabolomics is to measure as many metabolites as possible in order to capture biomarkers that may indicate disease mechanisms. Variable selection in chemometric methods can be divided into the following two groups (1) sparse methods that find the minimal set of variables to discriminate between groups and (2) methods that find all variables important for discrimination. Such important variables can be summarized into metabolic pathways using pathway analysis tools like Mummichog. As a test case, we studied the metabolic effects of treatment with nicotinamide riboside, a form of vitamin B3, in a cohort of patients with ataxia-telangiectasia. Vitamin B3 is an important co-factor for many enzymatic reactions in the human body. Thus, the variable selection method was expected to find vitamin B3 metabolites and also other secondary metabolic changes during treatment. However, sparse methods did not select any vitamin B3 metabolites despite the fact that these metabolites showed a large difference when comparing intensity before and during treatment. Univariate analysis or significance multivariate correlation (sMC) in combination with pathway analysis using Mummichog were able to select vitamin B3 metabolites. Moreover, sMC analysis found additional metabolites. Therefore, in our comparative study, sMC displayed the best performance for selection of relevant variables.This work concerns boron carbide matrix composites with the addition of hexagonal boron nitride particles (h-BN) as a solid lubricate. The composite materials were hot-pressed and analysed in terms of phase, structure, and microstructure changes in relation to the h-BN content. The uniaxial pressure applied during the manufacturing process allowed the orientation of single h-BN particles and its agglomerates in perpendicular direction to the pressing axis. The anisotropy of heat transfer and thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) and density changes in relation to temperature are discussed. Thermal diffusivity and conductivity were measured in relation to the material direction by the laser flash analysis method (LFA). In this paper, understanding the heat flow and CTE changes allowed explaining the results of investigated subtractive laser processes of the manufactured composites. The laser ablation process was conducted on B4C/h-BN composites in parallel and perpendicular direction to each other. It was done in a continuous work (CW) mode at 50 W with a 40 µm spot and 3 mm/s beam travel speed. The influence of h-BN particles and their orientation on thermal properties is discussed. The effect of laser processing on B4C/h-BN composites was also discussed in relation to the material surface roughness measured with a confocal microscope, microstructure observations, density, and thermal properties changes in relation to the material direction.Capacitive deionization is an emerging brackish water desalination technology whose principle lies in the utilization of porous electrodes (activated carbon materials) to temporarily store ions. Improving the properties of carbon material used as electrodes have been the focus of recent research, as this is beneficial for overall efficiency of this technology. Herein, we have synthesized a composite of activated carbon/graphene oxide electrodes by using a simple blending process in order to improve the hydrophilic property of activated carbon. Graphene oxide (GO) of different weight ratios was blended with commercial Activated carbon (AC) and out of all the composites, AC/GO-15 (15 wt.% of GO) exhibited the best electrochemical and salt adsorption performance in all operating conditions. The as prepared AC and AC/GO-x (x = 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt.% of GO) were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and their physical properties were also studied. The salt adsorption capacity (SAC) of AC/GO-15 at an operating window of 1.