These findings suggest that the leptin system is not required for the normalization of energy and glucose homeostasis associated with RYGB, but that its potential contribution to the improvements in liver health postoperatively merits further investigation.No research has explored the role of catecholamine metabolites in the stratification of cardiovascular risk. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between urine metanephrines and cardiometabolic risk/complications. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we collected the data of 1374 patients submitted to the evaluation of urine metanephrines at the City of Health and Science University Hospital of Turin between 2007 and 2015, mainly for investigating the suspicion of secondary hypertension or the secretion of an adrenal lesion. The univariate analysis showed associations between metanephrines and cardiometabolic variables/parameters, particularly considering noradrenaline metabolite. At univariate regression, normetanephrine was associated with hypertensive cardiomyopathy (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.11-1.25; p less then 0.001) and metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.03-1.20; p = 0.004), while metanephrine was associated with hypertensive cardiomyopathy (OR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.06-1.43; p = 0.006) and microalbuminuria (OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.03-1.60; p = 0.018). At multivariate regression, considering all major cardiovascular risk factors as possible confounders, normetanephrine retained a significant association with hypertensive cardiomyopathy (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.07-1.22; p less then 0.001) and metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.02-1.19; p = 0.017). Moreover, metanephrine retained a significant association with the presence of hypertensive cardiomyopathy (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.01-1.41; p = 0.049) and microalbuminuria (OR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.03-1.69; p = 0.019). The study showed a strong relationship between metanephrines and cardiovascular complications/metabolic alterations. Individuals with high levels of these indirect markers of sympathetic activity should be carefully monitored, and they may benefit from an aggressive treatment to reduce the cardiometabolic risk.This study was designed to examine the use of RAPD markers in discriminating triploid and diploid African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). Following a routine technique, triploidy was induced by cold shock and confirm by erythrocyte measurement in C. gariepinus. Thereafter, 80 RAPD markers were screened; out of which, three showed the highest percentage of polymorphism (i.e., OPB 16 = 71.43%; OPC 14 = 61.9%; OPD 12 = 75%). The results obtained showed genotype differences between triploid and diploid without overlapping. However, the development of a Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) marker was not achievable because progenies of triploid and diploid C. gariepinus could not be differentiated based on a specific fragment. Consequently, the genetic distance showed high similarities for both treatments and the UPGMA-generated dendrogram could not separate the treatments into two distinct clusters. It was concluded that RAPD makers cannot be used to separate the ploidy status of fishes.Minced meat is involved within numerous products, where their color attributes are affected by consumer preferences. This study was aimed to ameliorate processed meat color, using a microbial red pigment. Antibacterial, antifungal, citrinin-free, and toxicity of pigment were determined. selleck chemical Meatballs and burgers were manufactured using pigment at 3 mg/g of meat. Texture, color, shelf life extension, and organoleptic properties were estimated for treated meats. Results were expressed by a real antimicrobial for pigment, even via several extracting systems. The MIC and MFC of pigment were 320 µg/g and 2.75 mg/g media, respectively. Bioactive components of pigment were detected using the GC-MS and the FTIR apparatus. The bioactive carbohydrates include oligo and polysaccharides were manifested with real curves. Secretion of ochratoxin A and aflatoxins in fungal media receives pigment was decreased by up to 54% and 45%, respectively. The presence of bioactive carbohydrates may trap mycotoxin out of the recovered amounts. The manufactured products were enhanced for their color and taste with fine texture changes. The shelf life of colored-frying meat was recorded by an extension compared to the control. In conclusion, the results were recommended microbial red-pigment implementation in meats manufacturing for ameliorating recorded of color, as antimycotoxigenic, and shelf life extension.The authors wish to make the following correction to Figure 1 D in this paper [...].There was an error in the original article [...].Bacterial resistance has intensified in recent years due to the uncontrolled use of conventional drugs, and new bacterial strains with multiple resistance have been reported. This problem may be solved by using antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which fulfill their bactericidal activity without developing much bacterial resistance. The rapid interaction between AMPs and the bacterial cell membrane means that the bacteria cannot easily develop resistance mechanisms. In addition, various drugs for clinical use have lost their effect as a conventional treatment; however, the synergistic effect of AMPs with these drugs would help to reactivate and enhance antimicrobial activity. Their efficiency against multi-resistant and extensively resistant bacteria has positioned them as promising molecules to replace or improve conventional drugs. In this review, we examined the importance of antimicrobial peptides and their successful activity against critical and high-priority bacteria published in the WHO list.Preliminary protection of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with terpenoids such as betulin, its derivatives, and essential oils components has been proposed to produce gel-like oleophilic and hydrophilic formulations. We studied the properties of gel-like dispersions of ZnO NPs with immobilized terpenoids and their effects on the activity of LDH, GR, G6PDH, restoration of redox balance of co-enzyme pairs NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH, as well as the activity of SOD, catalase, AlDH in erythrocytes in the treatment of burns in rats. Hysteresis loops on the rheograms of studied dispersions characterize their thixotropic properties. ZnO NPs with betulin diphosphate in the water-ethanol medium lead to a 20-fold increase in the hydrodynamic radius at pH 7.3 compared to the initial ZnO NPs, and facilitate the formation of Zn2+ ions and their penetration into the viable epidermis, unlike oleophilic dispersions. All dispersions reduce the healing time by one and a half times compared with the untreated control group, increase the activity of LDH, GR, G6PDH, SOD, catalase, AlDH, and contribute to the normalization of coenzyme balance.