4; 95% CI 0.2, 0.8) and those who reported that COVID-19 was not deadly (aOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4, 1.0) had lower odds of handwashing/hand sanitizing. An estimated 46.2% (95% CI 42.3, 50.2) of students practiced social distancing. Students who reported that COVID-19 can be transmitted via droplets from the nose or mouth were positively associated with social distancing (aOR 2.1; 95% CI 1.0, 4.5). There is the need to intensify education about COVID-19 in senior high schools while enforcing the practice of COVID-19 preventive measures.Recent enhanced monkeypox (MPX) surveillance in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where MPX is endemic, has uncovered multiple cases of MPX and varicella zoster virus (VZV) coinfections. The purpose of this study was to verify if coinfections occur and to characterize the clinical nature of these cases. Clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory results were used to investigate MPX/VZV coinfections. A coinfection was defined as a patient with at least one Orthopoxvirus/MPX-positive sample and at least one VZV-positive sample within the same disease event. Between September 2009 and April 2014, 134 of the 1,107 (12.1%) suspected MPX cases were confirmed as MPX/VZV coinfections. Coinfections were more likely to report symptoms than VZV-alone cases and less likely than MPX-alone cases. Significantly higher lesion counts were observed for coinfection cases than for VZV-alone but less than MPX-alone cases. Discernible differences in symptom and rash severity were detected for coinfection cases compared with those with MPX or VZV alone. Findings indicate infection with both MPX and VZV could modulate infection severity. Collection of multiple lesion samples allows for the opportunity to detect coinfections. As this program continues, it will be important to continue these procedures to assess variations in the proportion of coinfected cases over time.Rhinosporidiosis is caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi, a pathogen currently considered a fungus-like parasite of the eukaryotic group Mesomycetozoea. It is usually a benign condition, with slow growth of polypoid lesions, with involvement of the nose, nasopharynx, or eyes. The clinical characteristics of a painless, friable, polypoid mass, usually unilateral, can guide the diagnosis, but the gold standard for diagnosis is histopathological findings. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathobiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic strategies, and treatment approach for rhinosporidiosis.Community participation is an important aspect for the success of kala-azar (KA) elimination program implemented in five Southeast Asian countries by the WHO. The participation of community depends on the level of knowledge of, attitude toward, and practice around risk factors associated with KA transmission among the population. We assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice toward KA elimination in endemic areas of Malda district, West Bengal, India. A total of 709 individuals from different villages of 12 sub-centers were interviewed during April-July 2019. Data were recorded in a structured questionnaire under four categories sociodemographic parameters, knowledge, attitude, and practice. The association of dependent variables such as knowledge, attitude, and practice with independent variables such as the economy and sociodemographic parameters was analyzed by binary logistic regression model and chi-square test using SPSS software. Despite the endemicity of the disease for a long time, the adequacy of knowledge about the disease was found to be poor that can be attributed to low education level and socioeconomic status, but the attitude and practices were good. So, there is a scope of improvement in knowledge of the disease through proper health education. This will further improve the level of attitude and practices that will be helpful for the smooth implementation of different activities of the program by more active participation of the community.Adolescents often engage in high-risk behaviors which often have lifelong consequences. Brequinar It is unclear whether an association exists between adolescents' perception of family support and family functioning and sexual risk behavior. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 702 adolescent students (aged 15-19 years) of a university in Nigeria and assessed high-risk sexual behavior (HRSB) and their judgment of family functioning and support. We used multivariable logistic regression analyses to evaluate the relationship between HRSB and the perception of family support and functioning. We found that 114 (16.2%, 95% CI 13.69-19.16) of the adolescents engaged in HRSB. A higher proportion of boys (22.7%, 95% CI 17.79-28.47) than girls (12.93, 95% CI 10.17-16.31) engaged in HRSB (P = 0.001). The prevalence of intimate partner violence in our study was 8% (95% CI 6.19-10.29). Participants with lower perception scores were more likely to be engaged in HRSB (aOR 0.920, 95% CI 0.878-0.965). Likewise, the perception of family functioning was inversely related to HRSB among the participants (aOR 0.884, 95% CI 0.813-0.962). There is an association between adolescents' perception of family support and functioning and HRSB. This association may provide a link in the complex interaction between the role of the family and adolescent sexuality. Programs and interventions for preventing HRSB and promoting risk-reducing autonomous decision-making among adolescents should include context- and setting-specific interventions that improve family support and functioning, and those that target in dysfunctional family settings.Delayed parasite clearance time observed in Southeast Asia provided the first evidence of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinins. The ex vivo ring-stage survival assay (RSA) mimics parasite exposure to pharmacologically relevant artemisinin concentrations. Mutations in the C-terminal propeller domain of the putative kelch protein Pf3D7_1343700 (K13) are associated with artemisinin resistance. Variations in the pfmdr1 gene are associated with reduced susceptibility to the artemisinin partner drugs mefloquine (MQ) and lumefantrine (LF). To clarify the unknown landscape of artemisinin resistance in Colombia, 71 patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria were enrolled in a non-randomized observational study in three endemic localities in 2014-2015. Each patient's parasite isolate was assessed for ex vivo RSA, K13-propeller mutations, pfmdr1 copy number, and pfmdr1 mutations at codons 86, 184, 1034, 1042, and 1246, associated with reduced susceptibility, and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) for other antimalarial drugs.