Mizuno, T. Effects of dynamic stretching velocity on joint range of motion, muscle strength, and subjective fatigue. J Strength Cond Res XX(X) 000-000, 2020-The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 2 different dynamic stretching (DS) velocities on joint range of motion (ROM), isometric muscle strength, and subjective fatigue during DS. Fifteen healthy male subjects performed DS at 2 different velocities maximal active ankle plantar flexion-dorsiflexion velocity (DS100) and 50% of maximal velocity (DS50). A passive dorsiflexion test and isometric maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) of the ankle plantar flexors and dorsiflexors were performed before and after DS. During the passive dorsiflexion test, ankle ROM and passive torque were measured when the ankle was passively dorsiflexed at 1°·s to its maximal ROM. The DS consisted of 4 sets of 10 ankle plantar flexions/dorsiflexions. For DS100, subjects flexed and extended their ankle as quickly as possible, whereas for DS50 the rhythm of the DS was controlled by a metronome. Subjective fatigue during DS was assessed using a visual analog scale. Maximal ankle ROM and passive torque at the maximal dorsiflexion angle were significantly increased after both DS100 and DS50 (p less then 0.05), although there was no significant difference between these trials. The passive torque at submaximal angles and the isometric MVC of the ankle plantar flexors and dorsiflexors were not changed in either condition. However, there was a greater difference in subjective fatigue from prestretching to after 4 sets after DS100 than DS50 (p less then 0.05). These results indicate that DS velocity did not influence subsequent joint flexibility. However, DS of moderate speed is recommended because faster DS seems to be associated with greater fatigue.Lockie, RG, Dawes, JJ, Dulla, JM, Orr, RM, and Hernandez, E. Physical fitness, sex considerations, and academy graduation for law enforcement recruits. J Strength Cond Res 34(12) 3356-3363, 2020-This study investigated the influence of fitness on academy graduation, and any between-sex differences, in law enforcement recruits. Data collected at the start of 4 training academies were retrospectively analyzed, including age, height, and body mass; waist circumference; waist-to-hip ratio; grip strength; vertical jump (VJ); 75-yard pursuit run; 2-kg medicine ball throw (MBT); push-ups, sit-ups, and arm ergometer revolutions in 60 seconds; and 20-m multistage fitness test (20MSFT) shuttles. Recruits were categorized into graduated (GRAD = 269) and separated (did not graduate; SEP = 42) groups. AT7519M SEP recruits were not split according to separation reasons, just whether they did or not. This categorization also occurred for male subjects (GRAD = 228; SEP = 32) and female subjects (GRAD = 41; SEP = 10). Independent samincluding muscular endurance, power, and aerobic fitness, to enhance graduation potential.Štefan, L, Kasović, M, and Culej, M. Normative values for health-related physical fitness in first-year police officers. J Strength Cond Res XX(X) 000-000, 2020-The main aim of the study was to develop normative values for health-related physical fitness tests in first-year police officers. In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 773 police officers aged 19-28 years old (mean age ± SD = 22 ± 3 years, 34% women). Health-related physical fitness included (a) polygon backwards (agility), (b) standing broad jump (explosive power of lower extremities), (c) sit-and-reach test (flexibility), and (d) 2.4 km run (aerobic capacity). In addition, maximal oxygen uptake (V[Combining Dot Above]O2max) was calculated. Sex- and age-specific centile smoothed curves for the 20th, 40th, 60, and 80th percentiles using Cole's LMS method were created. The results showed that men performed better in all health-related physical fitness tests (p less then 0.001), compared with women. The median values for polygon backwards, standing broad jump, sit-and-reach test, 2.4 km run and V[Combining Dot Above]O2max were 8 seconds, 210, 15 cm, 721 seconds and 49 mlO2·kg·min in men and 10 seconds, 165, 10 cm, 915 seconds and 39 mlO2·kg·min in women. No significant interaction between age and health-related physical fitness was observed. This study provides sex- and age-specific normative values for health-related physical fitness in police officers. Findings from this study may be used in detecting a group of police officers who have lower levels of physical fitness. Thus, policies aiming to enhance the level of physical fitness could be implemented within the system.Vigh-Larsen, JF, Haverinen, MT, Panduro, J, Ermidis, G, Andersen, TB, Overgaard, K, Krustrup, P, Parkkari, J, Avela, J, Kyröläinen, H, and Mohr, M. On-ice and off-ice fitness profiles of elite and U20 male ice hockey players of two different national standards. J Strength Cond Res 34(12) 3369-3376, 2020-Differences in body composition and performance were investigated between elite and U20 male ice hockey players of 2 different national standards. One hundred seventy-nine players were recruited from the highest Finnish (n = 82) and Danish (n = 61) national level, as well as from 1 U20 team from Finland (n = 19) and Denmark (n = 17). Body composition and countermovement jump performance (CMJ) were measured off-ice in addition to on-ice assessments of agility, 10- and 30-m sprint performance, and endurance capacity (the maximal Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Level 1 Ice Hockey Test, Yo-Yo IR1-IHmax). Large differences in on-ice performances were demonstrated between Finnish and Danish elite players for agility, 10spects. To study the relationship between inhalable dust and cobalt, and respiratory symptoms, lung function, exhaled nitric oxide in expired air, and CC16 in the Swedish hard metal industry. Personal sampling of inhalable dust and cobalt, and medical examination including blood sampling was performed for 72 workers. Exposure-response relationships were determined using logistic, linear, and mixed-model analysis. The average inhalable dust and cobalt concentrations were 0.079 and 0.0017 mg/m, respectively. Statistically significant increased serum levels of CC16 were determined when the high and low cumulative exposures for cobalt were compared. Nonsignificant exposure-response relationships were observed between cross-shift inhalable dust or cobalt exposures and asthma, nose dripping, and bronchitis. Our findings suggest an exposure-response relationship between inhalable cumulative cobalt exposure and CC16 levels in blood, which may reflect an injury or a reparation process in the lungs.Our findings suggest an exposure-response relationship between inhalable cumulative cobalt exposure and CC16 levels in blood, which may reflect an injury or a reparation process in the lungs.