agnostic criteria for fibromyalgia. This paper primarily aims to provide an overview of standard psychometric properties. A secondary aim is to critically appraise the tools currently used to diagnose chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain disorders. The challenges and limitations of existing diagnostic tools are discussed. CAY10683 supplier Potential approacheson how to improve the conceptualization of the construct of MSK pain disorders are also discussed. Adopting a network perspective, for example, can better constitute the disease instead of a single known underlying etiology for persistent or recurrent pain symptoms. To demonstrate abnormalities of motor conduction of the tibial nerve across the tarsal tunnel (TT) in type 2 diabetes. 124 consecutive patients (mean age 66.6 years, 62.1% males) with distal symmetric diabetic polyneuropathy (DSDP) clinically diagnosed were prospectively enrolled. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) of deep peroneal, tibial, superficial peroneal, medial plantar, and sural nerves, and standard needle electromyography in the lower limbs were performed. Demographic, anthropometric and clinical findings were collected. Motor conduction velocity (MCV) of the tibial nerve across TT was slowed in 60.5% of patients; another 4% showed conduction block across TT without reduction of MCV. Overall percentage of abnormalities across TT (64.5%) exceeds that of the sensory conduction velocities of proximal sural and superficial peroneal nerves. Abnormal tibial MCV across TT represents the most common abnormality among all motor NCS parameters and significantly correlates with HbA1c level, diabetic neuropathic index score and diabetic complications frequency. Tibial conduction abnormalities across TT are the most sensitive motor parameter in DSDP, second only to conduction abnormalities of sensory/mixed distal nerves of the feet. The employ of NCS across TT of the tibial nerve may be useful in the electrophysiological protocol to confirm the diagnosis of DSDP.Tibial conduction abnormalities across TT are the most sensitive motor parameter in DSDP, second only to conduction abnormalities of sensory/mixed distal nerves of the feet. The employ of NCS across TT of the tibial nerve may be useful in the electrophysiological protocol to confirm the diagnosis of DSDP. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, also known as coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), has impacted the lives of many older individuals, with those with comorbidities having the highest risk of severe disease. Specifically, immunosuppression and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are two important risk factors. This case report describes the rehabilitation course of a 62-yr-old woman with a history of a double lung transplant for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 2016 who contracted a severe COVID-19 infection. After nearly a month in the intensive care unit, she underwent a 10-day course of inpatient rehabilitation and regained substantial independence and was able to return home only needing supervision. Although other cases in the rehabilitation literature have documented successful rehabilitation after COVID-19 infection, this transplant-related case required intensive coordination of care to meet goals and achieve success for the patient. Because of the limited numbers of studies, this imeet goals and achieve success for the patient. Because of the limited numbers of studies, this information may prove valuable in future considerations for candidates of inpatient rehabilitation. To investigate the treatment effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on the motor function of upper extremity (UE) in persons with stroke. This study was a pilot double-blind randomized controlled trial. Twenty-six patients due to stroke onset of > 6 months were randomly allocated to three groups tDCS combined with NMES group, tDCS group, or control group. In addition to conventional rehabilitation, all subjects received one of the three protocols in a total of 15 sessions over 3 weeks. A significant difference among the three groups was found for the change scores of the Fugl-Meyer assessment UE subscale (FMA-UE) from pre-treatment to one-month follow up (p = 0.02), in favor of the tDCS combined with NMES group. Moreover, the tDCS combined with NMES group showed significant within-group improvement on the FMA-UE (from pre-intervention to post-intervention, p = 0.01) and the Action Research Arm Test (from pre-intervention to post-intervention and to one-month post-intervention, p = 0.03 and p = 0.04, respectively). This preliminary study reveals that combining tDCS and NMES with regular rehabilitation programs may enhance better UE functional improvement than regular rehabilitation programs alone in patients with chronic stroke.This preliminary study reveals that combining tDCS and NMES with regular rehabilitation programs may enhance better UE functional improvement than regular rehabilitation programs alone in patients with chronic stroke. Disasters (both natural and man-made) are escalating worldwide, resulting in a significant increase in survivors with complex and long-term disabling injuries. Physical and rehabilitation medicine is integral in disaster management and should be included in all phases of the disaster management continuum, which comprise mitigation/prevention, preparation, response, and recovery phases. This Joel A. DeLisa Lecture was presented on February 11, 2021, at the Association of Academic Physiatrists (AAP) Annual Scientific Meeting - "Physiatry 21". The lecture highlights the synergistic position of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ISPRM) and the Disaster Rehabilitation Committee (DRC), to provide crucial leadership and governance role in liaison and coordination with the World Health Organization (and other stakeholders), to provide rehabilitation input during future disasters.Disasters (both natural and man-made) are escalating worldwide, resulting in a significant increase in survivors with complex and long-term disabling injuries. Physical and rehabilitation medicine is integral in disaster management and should be included in all phases of the disaster management continuum, which comprise mitigation/prevention, preparation, response, and recovery phases. This Joel A. DeLisa Lecture was presented on February 11, 2021, at the Association of Academic Physiatrists (AAP) Annual Scientific Meeting - "Physiatry 21". The lecture highlights the synergistic position of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ISPRM) and the Disaster Rehabilitation Committee (DRC), to provide crucial leadership and governance role in liaison and coordination with the World Health Organization (and other stakeholders), to provide rehabilitation input during future disasters.