A rapid, reliable and label-free LC-MS/MS method for assessing drug activity was established, which affords an attractive alternative for those laboratories that do not have a radiation license or capabilities. Moral distress is recognized as a problem affecting healthcare professionals globally. Unaddressed moral distress may lead to withdrawal from the moral dimensions of patient care, burnout, or leaving the profession. Despite the importance, studies related to moral distress are scant in Thailand. This study aims to describe the experience of moral distress and related factors among Thai nurses. A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was used. The quantitative and qualitative data were collected in parallel using the Measure of Moral Distress for Healthcare Professionals and interview guide. The analysis was conducted separately and then integrated. Participants were Thai nurses from two large tertiary care institutions in a Southern province of Thailand. This study was approved by our organization's Institutional Review Board for Health Sciences Research, and by the Institutional Review Boards of the two local institutions in Thailand. Permission from the publisher was received to translate and u conducted elsewhere, the patient's and family's religious perspective that ties into the concept of moral distress needs to be explored. Although the root causes of moral distress are similar among different cultures, the experience of Thai nurses may vary according to culture and context.Although the root causes of moral distress are similar among different cultures, the experience of Thai nurses may vary according to culture and context.We focused on the inverse thermal sensation caused by the presence of both hot and cold stimuli, which we named hot-cold confusion. Some researchers have shown that when participants touch a thermal stimulus simultaneously with two opposite thermal stimuli on both sides, the outer temperatures dominate the center temperature; for example, a hot stimulus between two cold stimuli is perceived as cold. However, there has not been sufficient research on the effect of the center stimulus on the outer stimuli. In the current study, we placed a participant's forearm on an alignment where hot and cold stimuli were alternately placed in three locations and found that the participants sometimes selected the inverse thermal sensation of the presented surface not only at the center but also at the outer locations. Namely, opposite thermal stimuli applied at multiple locations affected each other, and the participants sometimes perceived the hot stimulus at the outer location as cold even when the two of three stimuli were hot, and vice versa. In addition, using various alignments of thermal stimuli, we revealed a directional bias of the effect from the cold stimulus and a difference in strength according to its location on the forearm.In 2019, 10 to 20 million school-aged youth were identified as having a chronic health condition or disability. However, little is known about U.S. school district policies on school nurses' participation in Individualized Educational Program (IEP) and Section 504 teams to support these youth. Using nationally representative district-level data from the 2016 School Health Policies and Practices Study, we examined whether U.S. LY3039478 school districts have policies on school nurse participation in IEP and 504 development. In addition, we examined the relationship between having such policies and policies on (a) creating and maintaining school teams to assist students with disabilities and (b) the participation of other essential school staff in IEP and 504 development. Among districts with policies regarding school nurse participation in IEP development versus those that did not, a significantly greater proportion had policies on student support teams and counselors' participation on IEP teams (79.2% vs. 44.4%, p  less then  .001, and 98.7% vs. 56.2%, p  less then  .001, respectively). In addition, among districts with policies on school nurse participation in 504 development versus those that did not, a significantly greater proportion also had policies on support teams and counselors' participation on 504 teams (77.5% vs. 43.1%, p  less then  .001, and 97.2% vs. 50.7%, p  less then  .001, respectively). We also examine regional and locale differences in these policies. Findings encourage discussion on student support teams' role in school districts for students with chronic health conditions and disabilities, how school nurses can be essential team members, and better coordination of student care to promote children who are engaged, healthy, and supported within the school community.Discriminatory behavior seems to persist in nursing in South Africa despite the presence of antidiscriminatory legislation. Little is known on the views of nurses on discrimination related to their basic rights in the workplace. The objective of this article is to report findings of discriminatory behavior among nurses regarding race, gender, sexual orientation, age, disability, religion, and marital status. A cross-sectional descriptive survey (containing open- and close-ended questions) was conducted in public and private hospitals in the Western Cape and Gauteng provinces of South Africa and n = 573 (response rate 83%) registered nurses participated in the study. Most participants reported discrimination due to race (n = 97, 17.4%) and age (n = 58,10.4%). Statistically significant differences were found in that African nurses reported more discrimination in relation to religion than other races. A statistically significant difference was found in the responses to gender-more males than female nurses reported discriminatory behavior. Qualitative data reflected suggestions of hetero negativity among male nurses and that sexual orientation might enhance the promotion of those like oneself. Younger nurses are treated less respectful, while older nurses reported reduced developmental opportunities. African nurses described more discrimination due to race and are treated with disdain. Staff shortages, nurse staffing, and shift work seemingly enhance discriminatory practices with off duties. Nurses in the hospital environment seem to experience discrimination in relation to basic human rights resulting from an indifference among nurse management to uphold such rights.