Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in the primary dentition are a significant public health problem, which has been neglected worldwide. Despite its high prevalence, limited studies address this injury. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics and treatment modalities of TDIs affecting primary teeth, along with accompanying medical co-morbidities and attendance at follow-up appointments. This retrospective analysis included all TDIs affecting primary teeth from January 2014 to January 2017. Data abstraction included demographics, time lapse prior to arrival at hospital, trauma etiology, classification of TDIs, soft tissue and supporting bone injuries, medical co-morbidities, emergency treatment, follow-up appointments and prognosis. Records of 283 children with 536 traumatized primary teeth were reviewed. The median age was 2years and the maxillary right central incisor (35.1%) was the most frequently injured tooth. Almost half the patients, 46.3%, sought treatment after 24h. Periodontalexamination or extraction. The follow-up appointments were poorly attended. Patient and public involvement (PPI) in quality improvement of oncological care pathways for older patients are rare. Improve the care pathway experience of older cancer patients and explore lessons learned regarding how to engage this vulnerable group. Experience-Based Co-Design. Older cancer patients, their caregivers and healthcare professionals within colorectal and breast cancer care pathways. Co-design quality improvement teams. Colorectal cancer care pathway touchpoints were (a) availability of a contact person during diagnostic, treatment and aftercare phases; (b) collaboration between physicians and different hospital departments; (c) continuous relationship with same physician; (d) respectful treatment; (e) and information transfer with primary care. Breast cancer care pathway touchpoints were (a) comprehensive information package and information provision, (b) care planning based on patient preferences, (c) continuity of patient-professional relationship and (d) specialized care in case of vulnerability. Challenges related to PPI included (a) ability of older cancer patients to be reflective, critical and think at a collective level; (b) gaining support and commitment of professionals; (d) overcoming cultural differences and power inequalities; and (e) involving researchers and facilitators with appropriate expertise and position. This multidisciplinary quality improvement project revealed several challenges of PPI with older cancer patients and their caregivers. Research teams themselves need to assume the role of facilitator to enable meaningful PPI of older cancer patients. Patient and caregiver representatives and advocates were involved in the design, conduct, analysis, interpretation of the data and preparation of this manuscript.Patient and caregiver representatives and advocates were involved in the design, conduct, analysis, interpretation of the data and preparation of this manuscript.CRISPR-Cas9 is an emerging genome editing tool for reverse genetics in plants. However, its application for functional study of non-coding RNAs in plants is still at its infancy. Despite being a major class of non-coding RNAs, the biological roles of circle RNAs (circRNAs) remain largely unknown in plants. Previous plant circRNA studies have focused on identification and annotation of putative circRNAs, with their functions largely uninvestigated by genetic approaches. Here, we applied a multiplexed CRISPR-Cas9 strategy to efficiently acquire individual null mutants for four circRNAs in rice. learn more We showed each of these rice circRNA loci (Os02circ25329, Os06circ02797, Os03circ00204 and Os05circ02465) can be deleted at 10% or higher efficiency in both protoplasts and stable transgenic T0 lines. Such high efficiency deletion enabled the generation of circRNA null allele plants without the CRISPR-Cas9 transgene in the T1 generation. Characterization of the mutants reveals these circRNAs' participation in salt stress response during seed germination and in particular the Os05circ02465 null mutant showed high salt tolerance. Notably, the seedlings of the Os06circ02797 mutant showed rapid growth phenotype after seed germination with the seedlings containing higher chlorophyll A/B content. Further molecular and computational analyses suggested a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network where Os06circ02797 functions to bind and sequester OsMIR408, an important and conserved microRNA in plants. This study not only presents genetic evidence for the first time in plants that certain circRNAs may serve as sponges to negatively regulate miRNAs, a phenomenon previously demonstrated in mammalian cells, but also provides important insights for improving agronomic traits through gene editing of circRNA loci in crops.The aim of this study is to investigate how community-living older people interpret the Norwegian version of Older People's Quality of Life (OPQOL) questionnaire. The original OPQOL questionnaire was translated based on guidelines for cross-cultural translation. The Three-Step Test-Interview instrument was adopted to investigate how community-living older people interpreted the questionnaire. Data were collected from 14 participants (72-89 years). The questionnaire was filled in under observation. Semi-structured interviews were then conducted to clarify the observational data and elicit the participants' experiences and opinions. Lastly, data were analysed using a hermeneutic interpretation approach. Our findings indicate that most of the participants managed to complete the OPQOL questionnaire without problems. The data analysis resulted in four primary themes relevance & applicability, formulation, consistency & accuracy and subjectivity. The questionnaire covered all aspects related to the participants' qferences while using the OPQOL questionnaire in the Norwegian context. The purpose of this paper is to present and validate an originally developed application SkinCare used for skin dose mapping in interventional procedures, which are associated with relatively high radiation doses to the patient's skin and possible skin reactions. SkinCare is an application tool for generating skin dose maps following interventional radiology and cardiology procedures using the realistic 3D patient models. Skin dose is calculated using data from Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Radiation Dose Structured Reports (RDSRs). SkinCare validation was performed by using the data from the Siemens Artis Zee Biplane fluoroscopy system and conducting "Acceptance and quality control protocols for skin dose calculating software solutions in interventional cardiology" developed and tested in the frame of the VERIDIC project. XR-RV3 Gafchromic films were used as dosimeters to compare peak skin doses (PSDs) and dose maps obtained through measurements and calculations. DICOM RDSRs from four fluoroscopy systems of different vendors (Canon, GE, Philips, and Siemens) were used for the development of the SkinCare and for the comparison of skin dose maps generated using SkinCare to skin dose maps generated by different commercial software tools (Dose Tracking System (DTS) from Canon, RadimetricsTM from Bayer and RDM from MEDSQUARE).