immune response to neuro-axonal destruction. Nevertheless, potential impact of ganglioside antibodies on axonal degeneration and neuronal loss in limbic encephalitis pends to be further investigated. Epidemiological evidence suggests that diabetes poses a high risk for many chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases, and cancer by stimulating many inflammatory and immunological pathogenic mediators and affecting Natural Killer (NK)-cell activity. In this study, the effects of melatonin and resveratrol on IL-6, TNF-?, oxidant/antioxidant capacity, NK-cell activity and mid-regional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) levels of diabetic rats were investigated. In the study, 28 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control group (group I) and 3 streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) groups (group II, III and IV), each group being 7 rats. 5 mg/kg/day melatonin to group III and 5 mg/kg/day resveratrol (intraperitoneal) to group IV was given. At the end of 3 weeks, NK-cell activity, total antioxidant/oxidant capacity, MR-proADM, IL-6 and TNF-? levels were measured in intracardiac blood taken under anesthesia. NK-cell activity of group II was found lower than group I, group III and gullin. Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillus (ABPA) is a lung disease caused by hypersensitivity from Aspergillus fumigatus. Diagnostic criteria, staging systems and treatment methods for ABPA disease have been reported in studies evaluating populations, the majority of which are adult patients. Our study aimed to discuss the validity of the ABPA diagnosis criteria recommended in adult patients on children, the success of other treatment regimens alternative to oral corticosteroids and the changes that develop during the treatment with the literature. Between January 2017 and 2020, patients diagnosed with ABPA at the Dokuz Eylul University Child Allergy and Immunology clinic were identified; demographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory findings, diagnostic scores and stages, treatment protocols were analyzed retrospectively. The mean age of patients diagnosed with ABPA was 14.33±1.96. At the time of ABPA diagnosis, the median Total IgE level was 1033 IU/mL (1004-6129), and the median AF specific IgE was 10.64 (2.59-49.70) kU/L. High dose inhaled corticosteroids and oral itraconazole treatment was the preferred regimen, especially in our patients with asthma with ABPA. Today, although risk factors have been investigated for ABPA, it has not been revealed clearly. Both diagnostic criteria and treatment regimens have been described in research studies, mostly adults. In pediatric patients; clarification of diagnosis and treatment algorithms is necessary to prevent irreversible lung tissue damage and possible drug side effects.Today, although risk factors have been investigated for ABPA, it has not been revealed clearly. Both diagnostic criteria and treatment regimens have been described in research studies, mostly adults. In pediatric patients; clarification of diagnosis and treatment algorithms is necessary to prevent irreversible lung tissue damage and possible drug side effects. Nephrocalcinosis (NC) is defined as calcium deposition in the kidney parenchyma and tubules. This study aims to determine the etiology, risk factors and follow-up results of patients with NC in Turkey. Patients diagnosed with NC in the Pediatric Nephrology Department Units of 19 centers from all geographical regions of Turkey over a 10-year period (2010?2019) were included in the study. The medical records from the centers were reviewed and demographic data, admission complaints, medical history, systemic and genetic disorders, risk factors for NC, treatment details and presence of NC after one year follow-up were recorded retrospectively. The study sample included 195 patients (88 females, 107 males). see more The mean age at diagnosis was 39.44±47.25 (0.5?208) months; 82/190 patients (43.2%) were diagnosed incidentally; 46/195 patients (23.6%) had an underlying disease; idiopathic hypercalciuria was detected in 75/195 (38.4%) patients. The most common systemic diseases were distal renal tubular acidosis in 11/46 patients (23.9%), primary hyperoxaluria in 9/46 patients (19.6%) and Bartter syndrome in 7/46 patients (15.3%). After one year of follow-up, NC resolved in 56/159 patients (35.2%) and they all did not have an underlying systemic disease. The most common presentation of NC was incidental. Distal renal tubular acidosis and primary hyperoxaluria were the main systemic diseases leading to NC, while hypercalciuria was the most common metabolic risk factor. Nephrocalcinosis was found to remain in most of the patients at a one year follow-up. It may resolve particularly in patients with no underlying systemic disease.The most common presentation of NC was incidental. Distal renal tubular acidosis and primary hyperoxaluria were the main systemic diseases leading to NC, while hypercalciuria was the most common metabolic risk factor. Nephrocalcinosis was found to remain in most of the patients at a one year follow-up. It may resolve particularly in patients with no underlying systemic disease. We evaluated the feasibility of producing splints with 3D printer technology to prevent contractures in burned children in our clinical prospective study. After approvals, children with burns greater than 2nd degree were included in the study. Age, gender, burn percentages, printing time, filament types, number of filament trials, splint suitability, patient and doctor comments, pre-clinical clinical trials? significances and financial impact were evaluated statistically. Seventy-six trials were conducted on 18 patients. Fourteen of the patients are male and 4 are female. Average age of boys and girls are 5 and 3 respectively. Burn percentage was 36,9±13. PLAFlex, PolyFlex, nGenFlex, TPU were the main filaments that were used in the study. Printing time differs from 4 to 29 hours according to body regions. Splints were suitable for 81,25% in upper extremity, for 66,7% in lower extremity and for 100% in mouth. Burn percentage was significantly correlated with total number of filament (p=0,049). Other statistical evaluations were insignificant.