This adds more evidence that the decline in CHD was not only because of advanced invasive medical and surgical treatments but also equally because of improved lifestyle, pharmacologic treatment of risk factors for CHD, and public health interventions.Artepillin C (ARC), a prenylated derivative of p-coumaric acid, is one of the major phenolic compounds found in Brazilian green propolis (BGP) and its botanical source Baccharis dracunculifolia. Numerous studies on ARC show that its beneficial health effects correlate with the health effects of both BGP and B. dracunculifolia. Its wide range of pharmacological benefits include antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, gastroprotective, immunomodulatory, and anti-cancer effects. Most studies have focused on anti-oxidation, inflammation, diabetic, and cancers using both in vitro and in vivo approaches. Mechanisms underlying anti-cancer properties of ARC are apoptosis induction, cell cycle arrest, and the inhibition of p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1), a protein characterized in many human diseases/disorders including COVID-19 infection. Therefore, further pre-clinical and clinical studies with ARC are necessary to explore its potential as intervention for a wide variety of diseases including the recent pandemic coronaviral infection. This review summarizes the comprehensive data on the pharmacological effects of ARC and could be a guideline for its future study and therapeutic usage.The genus Uncaira (Rubiaceae) comprises of 34 species, many of which are usually used as traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) to treat hypertension, fever, headache, gastrointestinal illness, and fungal infection. Over the past twenty years, Uncaira species have been paid the considerable attentions in phytochemical and biological aspects, and about 100 new secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, triterpenes, and flavonoids, have been elucidated. This review aims to present a comprehensive and up-to date overview of the biological source, structures and their biosynthetic pathways, as well as the pharmacological of the compounds reported in the genus Uncaria for the past two decades. It would provide an insight into the emerging pharmacological applications of the genus Uncaria.Six new biphenyl-type neolignans (1-6), and eighteen known compounds (7-24) were isolated from the EtOH extract of Magnolia officinalis. Their structures were determined by 1D and 2D NMR, and by HRMS. The anti-tumor activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated on HepG2, HCT-116, H1975 and HUVEC cell lines. Among the isolated compounds, nine compounds (3, 5, 7, 8, 12, 14, 20, 22, and 24) showed moderate cytotoxicities, and compound 23 showed the best cytotoxicity with IC50 value lower than 10 μM.Nine new diterpenoids, Rubellacrns A - I (1-9), including five isopimaranes (1-4, 9), four pimaranes (5-8), together with five known isopimarane analogues (10-14), were isolated from Callicarpa rubella. The structures of these compounds were unambiguously established by HR-ESIMS and NMR spectroscopic data, the absolute configurations of compounds 5 and 9 were determined by ECD. All the isolated compounds were tested for their anti-inflammatory effects and compounds 2 and 11-14 showed NLRP3-inflammasome inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 7.02 to 14.38 μM.Epiberberine, a natural protoberberine from Coptis chinensis Franch., is a potential alkaloid for the treatment of a variety of chronic diseases. The aim of this study is to summarize recent advances in the multiple and potential therapeutic effects of epiberberine. High-quality researches published in last two decades were retrieved from Web of science, ScienceDirect, PubMed and Springer with keywords namely 'epiberberine', 'protoberberine', 'coptis', 'huanglian', 'Coptidis rhizoma' and vital targets of some pathways in anti-adipogenesis, anti-dyslipidemia and anti-cancer activities. All the available research studies indicated that epiberberine is a multi-target small molecule with a low toxicity and exerts many activities including anti-adipogenesis via Akt and ERK pathways, anti-dyslipidemia via inhibition on cholesterol synthesis, anti-cancer via p53/Bax apoptosis pathway, anti-bacterial, improvement in diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. The present work will shed light on the direction for future investigations. Undoubtedly, C. selleckchem chinensis and epiberberine are expected to exert beneficial effects in various diseases. However, there is a lack of evaluation of clinical applications and underlying molecular mechanisms of epiberberine in diabetes and dementia.Isotope-labeled proteins are expected to be used as internal standard proteins in the field of protein quantification by isotope dilution mass spectrometry (ID/MS). To achieve the absolute quantification of Cystatin C (Cys C) based on ID/MS, we aims to obtain 15N isotope-labeled recombinant Cys C (15N-Cys C) protein. Firstly, the Cys C gene was optimized based on the preferred codons of Escherichia coli, and inserted into the pET-28a(+) expression plasmid. Then, the plasmid was transformed into TOP10 and BL21 strains, and 15N-Cys C was expressed in M9 medium using 15N as the only nitrogen source. 15N-Cys C was detected by SDS-PAGE, protein immunoblotting and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The characteristic peptides obtained from 15N-Cys C were analyzed by a Q Exactive Plus MS system. Results showed that 53.06% of the codons were optimized. The codon adaptation index of the Cys C genes increased from 0.31 to 0.95, and the GC content was adjusted from 64.85% to 54.88%. The purity of 15N-Cys C was higher than 95%. MALDI-TOF MS analysis showed that the m/z of 15N-Cys C had changed from 13 449 to 14 850. The characteristic peptides showed that 619.79 m/z (M+2H)2+ was the parent ion of 15N-Cys C and that the secondary ions of 15N-labeled peptides from y+5 to y+9 were 616.27 m/z, 716.33 m/z, 788.39 m/z, 936.43 m/z, and 1052.46 m/z, respectively. In conclusion, we successfully expressed, purified and identified of 15N-Cys C protein in Escheichia coli intended for absolute quantification using ID/MS.