Aim of this study was to correlate perineural invasion (PNI) with other clinical-pathological parameters in terms of prognostic indicators in prostate cancer (PC) cases at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP). Prospective study of 288 consecutive PC cases undergoing RP. PNI determination was performed either in biopsy or in RP specimens classifying as uni- and multifocal PNI. The median follow-up time was 22 (range, 6-36) months. At biopsy PNI was found in 34 (11.8%) cases and in 202 (70.1%) cases at the time of surgery. Among those identified at RP 133 (46.1%) and 69 (23.9%) cases had uni- and multi-PNI, respectively. Presence of PNI was significantly (P<0.05) correlated with unfavorable pathological parameters such higher stage and grade. The percentage of extracapsular extension in PNI negative RP specimens was 18.6% 60.4% of PNI positive specimens. However, the distribution of pathological staging and International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grading did not vary according to whether PNI was uni- or multifocal. The risk of biochemical progression increased 2.3 times in PNI positive cases was significantly associated with the risk of biochemical progression (r=0.136; P=0.04). However, at multivariate analysis PNI was not significantly associated with biochemical progression [hazard ratio (HR) 1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68-3.12; P=0.089]. Within patients with intermediate risk disease, multifocal PNI was able to predict cases with lower mean time to biochemical and progression free survival (chi-square 5.95; P=0.04). PNI at biopsy is not a good predictor of the PNI incidence at the time of RP. PNI detection in surgical specimens may help stratify intermediate risk cases for the risk of biochemical progression.PNI at biopsy is not a good predictor of the PNI incidence at the time of RP. PNI detection in surgical specimens may help stratify intermediate risk cases for the risk of biochemical progression. To summarize our experience with the Boari flap-psoas hitch and compare the indications, perioperative data and outcomes between open and laparoscopic procedures. This study retrospectively reviewed 35 patients with complex distal ureteral stricture between January 2015 and April 2019. All patients were treated with Boari flap-psoas hitch by either an open or a laparoscopic procedure. Selection criteria were based on the etiology, comorbidities, medical history, and patient preference. All surgeries were performed successfully. The median operation time was 201 min (range, 120 to 300 min), and the median estimated blood loss was 50 mL (range, 20 to 400 mL). The median postoperative hospitalization was 9 days (range, 3 to 46 days). Nineteen patients were treated by the open procedure, and 16 were treated by the transperitoneal laparoscopic procedure. The surgical indication of open surgery was broader than that for laparoscopic surgery. For patients experiencing iatrogenic injury and ureterovesical reimpcations. Male infertility can be associated with secondary sexual characteristics, hypogonadism, and several findings in the examination of external genitalia. We sought to identify if stretched penile length (SPL) is associated with infertility or baseline testosterone. We performed a retrospective review of all males age 18-59 presenting to a Men's health clinic from 2014 to 2017. click here SPL of patients with infertility were compared to patients with any other complaint. Patients with Peyronie's disease, prior penile surgery, prostatectomy, on testosterone replacement, clomiphene or β-hCG were excluded from our study. Baseline characteristics were compared between the two groups (infertile vs. other). Linear regression was used to assess the association between infertility and testosterone with SPL after adjusting for patient age, BMI, and race. Scatterplot was used for correlation between testosterone and SPL. Six hundred and sixty-four men were included in our study (161 infertile, 503 other). The unadjusted mean Sderstand the association of shorter SPL with male infertility.Though SPL differed amongst our groups, adult testosterone levels did not. If developmental levels of testosterone exposure accounted for some of the differences in SPL between our two groups, these variations did not persist into adulthood. It remains unknown if reduced length is a result of genetic or congenital factors associated with infertility. Further investigation is needed to better understand the association of shorter SPL with male infertility. Transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURB) is the initial and crucial step in the management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), having both diagnostic and therapeutic role. For many years, the gold standard for TURB was monopolar TURB (mTURB), however, it is associated with several complications related to its technical details. To overcome limitations of mTURB, TURB using bipolar technology (bTURB) has been developed. So far, making unequivocal statement about definitive advantage of bTURB over mTURB was difficult. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of bTURB with mTURB. A systematic search was conducted independently by two authors on the 4 electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane Library, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Nine comparative prospective studies with randomization (8 RCTs and 1 post-hoc analysis of RCT) were eligible to be included in this meta-analysis. After extraction, data were pooled to conduct the meta-analysis. The following outcomes were analysed operation time, catheterization time, length of hospital stay, decrease in postoperative haemoglobin level, obturator nerve reflex rate, bladder perforation rate, transfusion rate, TUR syndrome rate, one year recurrence rate, failures of detrusor muscle detection. bTURB was associated with decreased operation and hospitalization time. There were no statistically significant differences between bTURB and mTURB in terms of catheterization time, decrease in haemoglobin level, postoperative complications rates, recurrence rates and pathologic outcomes. This meta-analysis corroborates that bTURB shows significant advantage over mTURB in terms of operation and hospitalization time while other outcomes are comparable.This meta-analysis corroborates that bTURB shows significant advantage over mTURB in terms of operation and hospitalization time while other outcomes are comparable.