With the advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies, it is not difficult to extract tens of thousands of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across many individuals in a fast and cheap way, making it possible to perform genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of quantitative traits in outbred forest trees. It is very valuable to apply traditional breeding experiments in GWAS for identifying genome variants associated with ecologically and economically important traits in Populus. Here, we reported a GWAS of tree height measured at multiple time points from a randomized complete block design (RCBD), which was established with clones from an F1 hybrid population of Populus deltoides and Populus simonii. A total of 22,670 SNPs across 172 clones in the RCBD were obtained with restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) technology. The multivariate mixed linear model was applied by incorporating the pedigree relationship matrix of individuals to test the association of each SNP to the tree heights over 8 time points. Consequently, 41 SNPs were identified significantly associated with the tree height under the P-value threshold determined by Bonferroni correction at the significant level of 0.01. SGX-523 supplier These SNPs were distributed on all but two chromosomes (Chr02 and Chr18) and explained the phenotypic variance ranged from 0.26% to 2.64%, amounting to 63.68% in total. Comparison with previous mapping studies for poplar height as well as the candidate genes of these detected SNPs were also investigated. We therefore showed that the application of multivariate linear mixed model to the longitudinal phenotypic data from the traditional breeding experimental design facilitated to identify far more genome-wide variants for tree height in poplar. The significant SNPs identified in this study would enhance understanding of molecular mechanism for growth traits and would accelerate marker-assisted breeding programs in Populus. Pharmacy patient experience within military treatment facilities (MTFs) is a significant indicator of healthcare quality, as hospital admissions correlate with medication use (Budnitz etal., 2006) and pharmacists have a unique opportunity to influence patients' health (Dalton & Byrne, 2017). To improve patient care across the military health system (MHS), we investigated best practices within MTF pharmacies with the highest patient experience scores. Researchers performed semi-structured telephone interviews with pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, and patient experience officers from three of the highest ranked MTF pharmacies according to outpatient satisfaction survey results to glean "best practice" approaches to patient care. Researchers utilized the Gioia approach as a guiding theory for qualitative analysis of the interview data, and the study was excluded from a requirement to obtain institutional review board approval due to the number of respondents in accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Aial improvements.Viral infections have a large share in human morbidity and mortality. Next to vaccinations and hygiene measures, health education plays a role in preventing infections. Social scientists argue that empowerment should be included in health education, as increasing knowledge is insufficient to achieve sustainable behaviour change. Within the international education module 'Viruskenner', primary school students learn how to prevent virus infections by identifying health risks and developing interventions. This qualitative formative study explored to what extent Viruskenner creates conditions in which empowerment processes can arise and take place in the Netherlands and Suriname. Indicators of empowerment, as defined in the literature and placed in the attitude, social influence, and self-efficacy model, were assessed during semi-structured interviews (n = 24) with students, parents, teachers and facilitators. We conclude that Viruskenner is successful in creating conditions for empowerment processes to arise and take place, specifically in attitude and self-efficacy. According to interviewees, the module raised students' motivation, skills and confidence to take action to improve health behaviour. Educators played a stimulating role in the participatory setting in both countries, while content relevance and community involvement differed between the Netherlands and Suriname. These outcomes could improve this module and possibly other health education programmes.Individuals with mal de debarquement syndrome (MdDS) describe symptoms of swaying, rocking, and/or bobbing after sea or air travel. These symptoms may be because of maladaptation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) to roll of the head during rotation. Dai and colleagues have developed a treatment paradigm that involves passive roll of the patient's head while watching optokinetic stripes, resulting in adaption of the VOR and improvement of MdDS. The purpose of this case report is to describe replication of this treatment paradigm in a virtual reality environment with successful resolution of symptoms in two visits. A 39-year-old female reported swaying and rocking after returning from a 7-day cruise. The patient was treated with two sessions in a computer-assisted rehabilitation environment (CAREN). The patient canceled her third visit because of complete resolution of her symptoms. Her Global Rating of Change was +7 (on a 15-point scale of -7 to +7). She had returned to her prior level of function. This case report is the first to describe use of the CAREN for effective treatment of MdDS by replicating the treatment paradigm developed by Dai and colleagues.Sidewalks are indispensable environmental resources for daily life in that they encourage physical activity. However, the proportion of sidewalk coverage is low even in developed countries. We examined the association between neighborhood sidewalk environment and dementia in Japan. We conducted a 3-year follow-up (2010-2013) among participants in the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, a population-based cohort study of community-dwelling older adults. We ascertained the incidence of dementia for 76,053 participants from the public long-term care insurance system. We calculated sidewalk coverage (sidewalk area as a percentage of road area) within 436 residential neighborhood units using geographic information systems. Multilevel survival models were used to estimate hazard ratios for the incidence of dementia. During follow-up, 5,310 dementia cases were found. In urban areas, compared with the lowest quartile of sidewalk coverage, the hazard ratio was 0.42 (95% confidence interval 0.33, 0.54) for the highest quartile, adjusting for individual covariates.