Stereomicroscope aids as an adjuvant for proper orientation of the specimen which helps in arriving at an accurate final diagnosis.Stereomicroscope aids as an adjuvant for proper orientation of the specimen which helps in arriving at an accurate final diagnosis. Clefts of the lip, with or without cleft palate and cleft palate only, collectively called as orofacial clefts (OFCs) are one of the most common congenital malformations with varying degrees of penetrance and phenotype expressions. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) cytosine-to-thymine (c. 677 C>T), adenine-to-cytosine (c.1298 A>C) single- nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and South Indian patients with the nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL ± P). A cohort consisting of 25 cases of NSCL ± P and 18 controls from a South Indian cohort were included in this case-control study. Genetic analysis of c.677C>T and c.1298A C polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene was carried out using Sanger sequencing and analyzed from chromatogram profiles. Data interpretation was done using statistical software MedCalc Statistical Software version 16.2 and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 22.0). DNA sequenceaphic region and micro/macro-environmental factors. Overall, our study has explored part of South Indian ethnic population and revealed a different and unique distribution of mutations in this sample population.COVID-19 pandemic is an event to remember; it has unequivocally affected every part of our lives both ways. It has opened up numerous research areas with abundant funding opportunities and avenues; oral research is just a small part of this research world. In this review, we look into oral research in the COVID-19 era and India's position in COVID-19 research. The salient features of the National Guidelines for Ethics Committee Reviewing Biomedical and Health Research during the COVID-19 pandemic have been described. Some possible research topics in dentistry during COVID-19 and the need for the impetus to the dental community for oral research have been discussed. Oral pathologists are involved in laboratory diagnosis and receive specimens of biopsy, oral cytologic smears and samples for hematology, biochemistry and microbiology and thus are at a risk for laboratory-acquired infections, which may occur inadvertently and can be considered as an occupational hazard. This study was conducted during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic to assess the knowledge of oral pathologists and oral pathology postgraduate students regarding the safe laboratory practices, procedures and guidelines. The study was a cross-sectional online questionnaire-based study. Questions were framed to evaluate the knowledge on specimen/sample collection, its handling, disposal and protective measures for laboratory personnel. this website The study population comprised oral pathologists and oral pathology postgraduate students of various dental colleges in India. A Google Doc format was used to create an effective computerized questionnaire system, and the link was forwarded to around 500 participaupational health hazards and enhances a safe working environment in the laboratory.A highly contagious viral infection emerged in Wuhan city; China had increased mortality with uncertain pathogenesis spreads throughout the world to become a pandemic. It is reported to be caused by a member of β coronaviruses and named it as COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO). The disease is caused by a mutant strain of coronavirus SARS-COV-2 that affects the respiratory tract causing mild to severe respiratory tract illness. The clinical manifestation ranges from mild, moderate, severe and very severe signs and symptoms result in death due to severe hypoxia or multi-organ dysfunction. Also, the affected persons were capable of infecting others through various modes of transmission through respiratory droplets (aerosol spread). A definite investigation protocol has followed to diagnose COVID 19 disease but mainly confirmed with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Computerized tomography scan plays a significant role in the diagnosis and prognosis of affected individuals. The major problem with COVID-19 is due to its novelty and lack of vaccination or treatment. This review focuses on the mutation, pathogenesis, various diagnostic tests adopted and autopsy findings in patients affected with COVID-19.There are multiple lesions in the jawbones with a common histological character of the presence of osteoclast-like giant cells under one category - giant cell lesions. The central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is the most common of all and is found to be more prevalent in the Indian population. The pathogenicity still remains an enigma and needs to be differentiated from other look-alike lesions in order to have proper treatment planning. Furthermore, CGCG specifically needs to be differentiated from central giant cell tumor to avoid mutilating surgeries. This article is an attempt to give an outline of the CGCG with updating of the latest information on the perception of this lesion. The purpose of the survey was to evaluate transformation in mode of teaching during the COVID pandemic on a postgraduate program in oral and maxillofacial surgery in India. A standardised e-questionnaire was created on Google Forms™ and was shared using emails and WhatsApp™. A total of 103 postgraduate students of oral and maxillofacial surgery from different universities participated in this cross-sectional survey. The collected data were analysed using bivariate and multivariate analysis. A total of 95.1% of postgraduates in the survey believed that their overall regular speciality work was deprived during first 5 months of COVID. 90.3% participants accepted that webinar/online teaching program become more beneficial for their academics. But 78.1 % participants think that because of overburdening of these academic sessions, they have reduced the enthusiasm in attending them. This survey highlighted the intense negative impacts of this pandemic on the postgraduate program from the eyes of the trainees themselves.