37, 95% CI 1.13-1.66, P = .001), and adjusted III (HR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.16-1.68, P  less then  .001) models before matching. Similarly, in the PSM cohort patients with TD had worse prognosis in the crude (HR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.07-1.63, P = .011), adjusted I (HR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.09-1.67, P = .005), adjusted II (HR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.00-1.58, P = .049), and adjusted III (HR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.07-1.65, P = .010) models. TD had a similar value range between N1 and N2 stages among different models. CONCLUSIONS Among GC patients, TD is associated with survival and may have a role in the staging of patients. © 2020 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.The objectives were to determine errors in femoral anteversion (FA), femoral offset (FO), and vertical offset (VO) with robot-assisted total hip arthroplasty (THA) and how consistently these errors are within clinically desirable limits of ± 5° and ± 5 mm. After preoperative planning, robot-assisted THAs were performed on twelve cadaveric specimens. The error between achieved and planned component placements was used to determine bias (mean error) and precision (standard deviation of error). The percent of the population outside clinically desirable limits was determined. Bias of 1.5° and 2.7 mm occurred for FA and VO, respectively. Precision was 1.2° for FA and better than 1.5 mm for FO and VO. The percent of population outside clinically desirable limits was 5% for FA and 0% for FO. With limits of ± 7 mm, 5% of the population was outside these limits for VO. Robot-assisted THA may improve clinical outcomes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Metal nanoparticles (NPs) are frequently encountered in daily life, and concerns have been raised about their toxicity and safety. Among which, they naturally accumulate in the liver after introduction into the body, independent of the route of administration. Some NPs exhibit intrinsic pharmaceutical effects that are related to their physical parameters, and their inadvertent accumulation in the liver can exert strong effects on liver function and structure. Even as such physiological consequences are often categorically dismissed as toxic and deleterious, there are cell type-specific and NP-specific biological responses that elicit distinctive pharmacological consequences that can be harnessed for good. By limiting the scope of discussion to metallic NPs, this work attempts to provide a balanced perspective on their safety in the liver, and discusses both possible therapeutic benefits and potential accidental liver damage arising from their interaction with specific parenchymal and nonparenchymal cell types in the liver. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.OBJECTIVES The aim of this prospective controlled study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the rapid maxillary expander (RME) and facemask treatment by using three-dimensional soft tissue facial characteristics of pre-pubertal Class III children. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION CLIII and non-CLIII groups, both of 32 white children aged 6-8 years participated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Facial surface images were obtained using stereophotogrammetry at T0 and T1 and were superimposed. Landmark-based and surface-based facial parameters were measured and group differences were quantified (ANOVA; P ≥ 0.05). RESULTS CLIII children had less mid-face prominence, shorter lower facial height and protruded mandible when compared to non-CLIII children at T0. At T1, the differences between the groups were not statistically significant, indicating successful correction. After the RME/facemask treatment, the n-sn and sn-pg distances increased by 1.5 mm and 2.2 mm, respectively. The distance from sn to the n-pg line increased by 1 mm, the n-sn-pg angle decreased by almost 2°. Pogonion moved downward by 2.5 mm and posteriorly by 3 mm. The surface-based measurements between the groups after treatment showed anterior movement in the mid-face region and the upper lip region. The lower lip and chin region moved posteriorly in the CLIII group and anteriorly in the non-CLIII group. CONCLUSIONS After RME/facemask treatment the lower facial height increased, the maxilla moved anteriorly and the mandible moved posteriorly. Consequently CLIII children reached the respective values of the non-CLIII children, indicating a harmonious facial appearance of CLIII children. The results have been obtained using non-invasive technique. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Nowadays, alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) gene has allocated escalating interest among several genes involved in the pathogenesis of avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH). This molecule could interact with several osteogenic-related proteins. It was reported that adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) affects bones through its receptor located on osteoblasts, suggesting it as a potential target in ANFH treatment. In this study, the effect of ACTH on A2M expression was investigated in osteoblasts as well as during the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into osteoblasts. In this study, MSCs derived from bone marrow were isolated and purified using Ficoll gradient and several passaging. MSCs were characterized by induction with osteogenic and adipogenic medium followed by Oil Red O, Alizarin Red and alkaline phosphatase staining. Besides, MSCs were exposed to various concentrations of ACTH to evaluate the cell variability by MTT assay. MSCs and differentiated osteoblasts were treated with 10-8 molar ACTH for 16 and 26 days, respectively. Then, the total RNA was extracted and A2M expression was quantified by real-time qPCR. The protein expression levels of osteoblast markers including alkaline phosphatase (ALPL) and bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein (BGLAP) were also measured. The results showed that A2M expression in cells treated with ACTH was up-regulated significantly compared to the control group. Similarly, the expression of osteoblast gene markers including ALPL and BGLAP was significantly increased. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/olprinone.html ACTH, as an osteoblastic differentiation enhancer, up-regulates A2M, which promotes osteoblastic differentiation probably through TGF-β induction. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.