8 ± 1.9 vs 1.6 ± 0.9 mm Hg, P < 0.0001) thresholds compared with escitalopram. There were significantly greater percentage of hypersensitivity responders with SAT than escitalopram (69% vs 17%, P < 0.001), but not pain responders (58% vs 44%, P = 0.4). Daily pain scores did not differ between groups (P = 0.8) or escitalopram (P = 0.06) but decreased with SAT (P = 0.0046) compared with baseline. SAT significantly increased rectal compliance (P < 0.019) and complete spontaneous bowel movements per week than escitalopram (P = 0.04). Five withdrew from adverse events with escitalopram and none with SAT. SAT was significantly more efficacious in improving hypersensitivity and bowel symptoms in IBS-C than escitalopram. SAT is a promising novel treatment for IBS with rectal hypersensitivity.SAT was significantly more efficacious in improving hypersensitivity and bowel symptoms in IBS-C than escitalopram. SAT is a promising novel treatment for IBS with rectal hypersensitivity. There is no consensus on optimal surgical treatment of large duodenal defects arising from perforated ulcers, even though such defects are challenging to repair and inadequate repair is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic literature review of different surgical techniques used to treat large duodenal perforations, provide a narrative description of these techniques and propose a framework for approaching this pathology. PubMed/MEDLINE database was searched for articles published in English between 1st January 1970 - 1st December 2020. Studies describing surgical techniques used to treat giant duodenal ulcer perforation and their outcomes in adult patients were included. No quantitative analysis was planned due to heterogeneity across studies. Out of 960 identified records, 25 studies were eligible for inclusion. Two randomised controlled trials, one case-control trial, three cohort studies, 14 case series and 5 case reports were included. technique as superior in terms of morbidity or mortality, but choice of technique should be guided by several factors including location of the perforation, degree of duodenal tissue loss, haemodynamic stability of the patient as well as expertise of the operating surgeon.Levels of EvidenceLevel IV (SR with more than two negative criteria). Trial outcomes should be relevant to all stakeholders, and allow assessment of interventions' efficacy and safety at appropriate timeframes. There is no consensus regarding outcome measures in the growing field of pre-hospital trauma transfusion research. Harmonization of future clinical outcome reporting is key to facilitate inter-study comparisons and generate cohesive, robust evidence to guide practice. To evaluate outcome measures reported in pre-hospital trauma transfusion trials. Data Sources, Eligibility Criteria, Participants and InterventionsWe conducted a scoping systematic review to identify the type, number and definitions of outcomes reported in randomised controlled trials, prospective and retrospective observational cohort studies investigating pre-hospital blood component transfusion in adult and paediatric patients with traumatic haemorrhage. Electronic database searching of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, OVID, clinical trials.gov, and the Transfusion Evidence Library was comather than safety or adverse events in pre-hospital trauma transfusion trials. We recommend stakeholder consultation and a Delphi process to develop a clearly defined minimum core outcome set for pre-hospital trauma transfusion trials. This review was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019131406). II. Scoping Systematic Review.Scoping Systematic Review. Geriatric trauma populations respond differently than younger trauma populations. Critical Care Ultrasound (CCUS) can guide resuscitation, and it has been shown to decrease intravenous fluid (IVF), lower time until operation, and lower mortality in trauma. CCUS guided resuscitation has not yet been studied in geriatric trauma. We hypothesized that incorporation of CCUS would decrease amount of IVF administered, decrease time to initiation of vasopressors, and decrease end organ dysfunction. A PRE-CCUS geriatric trauma group between January 2015 and October 2016 was resuscitated per standard practice. A POST-CCUS group between January 2017 and December 2018 was resuscitated based on CCUS performed by trained intensivist upon admission to the ICU and 6 hours after initial ultrasound. The PRE-CCUS and POST-CCUS groups underwent propensity score matching, yielding 60 enrollees in each arm. Retrospective review was conducted for demographics, clinical outcomes, and primary endpoints including amount of IVF in t, there was a perception that CCUS was a useful adjunct for assessing volume status and cardiac function. Level II.Level II.Asthma is a heterogeneous disease in which environmental factors play an important role, and the effect of particulate matter (PM) on the occurrence and severity of asthma is drawing more attention. This study aims to identify the correlation between PM and pediatric asthma exacerbation and explore the potential mechanisms. The asthma visits data (N = 16,779,739) in a university-based tertiary children's hospital from January 2013 to December 2017 were collected, and the relationship between asthma visits and local PM concentration was analyzed. For further study, we established a house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic airway inflammation model with PM intervention. We detected a correlation between PM concentration and pediatric asthma visits, especially in children under 6 years old. The in vivo data showed that PM aggravated HDM-induced airway inflammation, and IL-33 neutralizing antibody exerted a protective role. Our study suggests that PM is a risk factor in promoting pediatric asthma exacerbation, in which IL-33 might be a promising target.Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) represents one of the most common malignancies and is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) have been suggested to be dysregulated in various types of cancers, and a growing number of lincRNAs have been implicated to be functional in the ESCC progression. In this study, we examined the role of linc00941 in the ESCC progression and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms. GSK 2837808A The bioinformatics analysis identified the up-regulation of linc00941 in the ESCC tissues. Further in vitro studies showed that linc00941 was up-regulated in ESCC cell lines. The loss-of-function studies demonstrated that linc00941 knockdown suppressed ESCC cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and also suppressed the in vivo tumor growth. Furthermore, bioinformatics prediction along with luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay implied that linc00941 acted as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-877-3p, and linc00941 regulated ESCC cell progression via at least targeting miR-877-3p.