Liver disease has been reported to associate with oral microbiota. This study aimed to identify the salivary microbial structure in liver disease patients and determine whether the disease progression influence the bacterial composition. 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were used to examine oral bacterial diversity in the different status of hepatitis patients including 6 patients with Hepatitis B (Y), 6 patients with Hepatitis B Cirrhosis (YY) and 6 patients with liver cancer (C), and 6 healthy controls (T). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the genera of Streptococcus, Prevotella, Actinomyces, Veillonella and Neisseria are predominant genus in the saliva of Y, YY, C patients and T group. Lautropia, Abiotrophia and Veillonella were enriched in Y patients, while Treponema, Selenomonas and Oribacterium were also existed in YY patients. BI-4020 mw Haemophilus, Porphyromonas and Filifactor had high abundance in C patients. The genera of Moryella, Leptotrichia, Lactobacillus, Dialister, Serratia, Enterococcus and Actinobacillus were decreased in all patient samples compared with healthy control samples which may be used for treatment of liver disease. Diversity analyses showed decreased diversity of salivary bacterial communities was discovered in the progress of the liver disease. These findings identified the oral microbiota dysbiosis in liver disease, which may providing available information and possible diagnostic biomarkers for liver patients.Candida albicans is the main causative agent of oral lesions in HIV-infected patients and its oral colonization is a potential source of systemic dissemination. Although the high prevalence of lesions in HIV patients can be explained by the immunosuppressive condition, several studies have reported that natural selection can make C. albicans more virulent in this group of patients. Comparisons of the activity of exoenzymes (phospholipase, proteinase and hemolysin) in C. albicans isolated from HIV-infected and uninfected patients have yielded conflicting results. This study aimed, through a systematic review and meta-analysis, to answer the question "Is the hydrolytic enzymatic activity of C. albicans, isolated from the oral cavity, different in individuals infected and not infected with HIV?" The question was addressed using the PECO framework P (Population) children and adults, E (Exposure) HIV infection, C (Comparator) non-HIV-infected patients; O (Outcomes) exoenzymes activity i.e. phospholipase, proteinase and hemolysin. We conducted a systematic search on Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, Livivo, Lilacs, Web of Science, and Science Direct databases, and Google Scholar. The MAStARI tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias in the selected studies. From 2259 studies, 19 were included in this review and 11 comprised the meta-analysis. The activity of phospholipase (M-H = 0.15; Z = 2,76; p = 0.0006) and hemolysin exoenzymes (M-H = 0.07; z = 1,94; p = 0.05) was higher in C. albicans isolated from the oral cavity of HIV-infected patients, whereas the levels of protease activity were not different compared with non-HIV-infected individuals. This study showed a higher phospholipase and hemolysin activity in C. albicans isolates from the oral cavity of HIV-infected patients.Enterococcus faecalis is a biofilm-forming, nosocomial pathogen that is frequently isolated from failed root canal treatments. Contemporary root canal disinfectants are ineffective in eliminating these biofilms and preventing reinfection. As a result, there is a pressing need to identify novel and safe antibiofilm molecules. The effect of short-term (5 and 15 min) and long-term (24 h) treatments of trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC) on the viability of E. faecalis biofilms was compared with currently used root canal disinfectants. Treatment for 15 min with TC reduced biofilm metabolic activity as effective as 1% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine. Treatment with TC for 24 h was significantly more effective than 2% chlorhexidine in reducing the viable cell counts of biofilms. This serendipitous effect of TC was sustained for 10 days under growth-favoring conditions. For the first time, our study highlights the strong antibacterial activity of TC against E. faecalis biofilms, and notably, its ability to prevent biofilm recovery after treatment. The primary objective was to assess the effect of the route of closure of the vaginal cuff on the incidence of vaginal cuff dehiscence (VCD) in laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH). The secondary objective was to assess patient- and surgical-risk factors associated with VCD, rate of perioperative complications by route of closure, and impact of surgeon volume on complications. Retrospective chart review with case-control component. Tertiary care center (main hospital and regional hospitals). A total of 1278 women underwent LH or robot-assisted hysterectomy in 2016, and met the inclusion criteria. Independently, 26 cases of VCD were identified from 2009 through 2016. A retrospective comparison of patients with vaginal cuff closure and laparoscopic cuff closure (LCC) undergoing LH or robot-assisted hysterectomy in 2016. Patients with VCD from 2009 through 2016 (n = 26) were matched by route of cuff closure to the next 7 patients who underwent hysterectomies (n = 182), who became controls. In 2016, there wmmend that, to optimize patient outcomes, surgeons employ the closure technique that they are best accustomed to.VCD is a rare but serious complication of LH. Despite previous studies, we did not find a significant difference in VCD or intra- and perioperative complications by route of cuff closure or surgeon volume. Given the lack of evidence favoring one route of cuff closure, we recommend that, to optimize patient outcomes, surgeons employ the closure technique that they are best accustomed to. To describe the surgical treatment of a uterine isthmocele. Demonstration of the laparoscopic technique with narrated video footage. Cesarean section rate has been increasing despite the World Health Organization's recommendation of a maximum 15%, with some countries reaching rates as high as 50%. The choice of delivery method is a complex topic based on physical and psychologic health, social and cultural context, and quality of maternity care. With the increasing number of cesarean sections, a new entity was recognized, the isthmocele [1]. A uterine isthmocele is a dilatation of the uterine cesarean scar and functions as a reservoir collecting blood during menstruation. Isthmocele prevalence ranges from 19% to 84%[2]. The most frequent complaint relates to intermittent postmenstrual bleeding (30%). Isthmocele can be a cause of infertility and pelvic pain [3]. Interstitial pregnancy is a known complication with a mortality rate up to 2.5%. The diagnosis can be made by transvaginal ultrasound and/or magnetic resonance imaging but also by hysteroscopy or hysterosalpingography.