Finally, TOF-SIMS analyses showed the formation of Cu/Cu2-ABI and Zn-ABI compounds, the 2D distribution of ABI-related compounds, and their thermal stability on the brass surface. Graphical abstract.Data on the involvement of the ocular surface and its relationship with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) are still minimal and not univocal. The respiratory tract is the structure most affected by COVID-19, and the serious form of the disease is characterized by severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome and hypercoagulation. However, accumulating evidence shows that other organs could be reached by the virus, thus causing further comorbidities. To date, the exact route/routes of transmission of COVID-19 are still unclear. The respiratory tract is probably not the only route of transmission for this viral infection and some authors have also speculated that COVID-19 droplets, or infected hands, could contaminate the conjunctiva, which could therefore represent the initial site of an infection spread. Theoretically, the role of the ocular surface, a biological site still relatively unexplored, appears scientifically relevant in understanding the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - Coronavirus - 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the current literature in order to elucidate the potential role of tear and conjunctival sampling to detect SARS-CoV-2 for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and to monitor patients during follow-up.The establishment of gut microbiota is reportedly aberrant in newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), with detrimental long-term health impacts. Here, we vertically tracked the developing gut bacterial communities of newborns hosted in an NICU during an outbreak sustained by ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae and compared colonized and non-colonized patients. Most communities were highly variable from one sampling point to the next, and dominated by few taxa, often Proteobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae, with marked interindividual variability. This picture was retrieved independently of colonization status or clinical covariates. Our data support the emerging idea of preterm infants as a population in which no defined microbial signatures are clearly associated to clinical status. tetrathiomolybdate order Instead, the strong pressure of the nosocomial environment, antibiotics and, in this case, the ongoing outbreak, possibly drive the evolution of microbiota patterns according to individual conditions, also in non-colonized patients.We describe the outcome of a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) IgG/IgM rapid test, and discuss the potential suitability of antibody testing. Retrospective single cohort study on patients with suspected Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and asymptomatic Healthcare Workers, enrolled from March to April 2020. Subjects had quantitative PCR (qPCR) test for detection of SARS-CoV-2 via nasal swab and serological testing using the COVID-19 IgG/ IgM Rapid Test (PRIMA Lab SA) immunochromatographic assay. Some subjects underwent chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) after rapid test. The aim of the study was to analyse the proportion of those who developed a positive IgM/IgG response for SARS-CoV-2. The correspondence between the results from rapid testing and CLIA, when available, was evaluated. 97 subjects underwent qPCR for SARS-CoV-2 through nasal swab, which resulted positive in 40/43 (93.0%) of symptomatic patients, 2/40 (5%) of asymptomatic HCW, in no subjects with suspected COVID- 19rsistently negative nasal swabs.A new Coronavirus, the seventh member of the Coronaviridae family, identified as SARS-CoV-2, spread in late December 2019 in the territory of Wuhan in China. CoV-2019 can be transmitted directly from person to person by respiratory drops, direct contact and contaminated material. Furthermore, 2019-nCov penetrates cells similarly to the SARS coronavirus, i.e., through the ACE2 receptor. This may promote human-to-human transmission. Patients and dental professionals are exposed daily to pathogenic microorganisms, including viruses and bacteria, which infect the oral cavity and respiratory tract. Dental procedures carry the risk of 2019-nCoV infection due to their specificity. Direct transmission regards the distance between operator and patient, exposure to saliva, blood and other body fluids, the use of sharp instruments and "droplet-generating" rotating instruments, contact with the conjunctival mucosa, and finally the contact with droplets produced by coughing and nasal secretion of an infected individual without mask at short distance, increasing the biological risk for the operator. In light of the pandemic linked to COVID-19, although there is no clear scientific evidence in the literature, it is necessary to identify protections with regard to clothing, operating protocols, disinfection of environments and management of waiting rooms and front offices. This paper is a basis for operative indications for dentists and other health care professionals in phase 2 post lockdown for both private and public structures.Nanotechnology has become a research area with promising results for technological innovation. Endodontics can benefit from this field of research by increasing the success rate of the treatment, which currently ranges between 86% and 98% and has varied very little over the years. One of the causes of endodontic treatment failure is based on the presence of Enterococcus faecalis. The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the antibacterial effect of a gel preparation containing silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) against E. faecalis present in the walls of the root canal. 60 extracted human uniradicular teeth that were instrumented with Wave One Gold (Denstplay/USA) and subsequently contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. For antibacterial evaluation, intra-canal conducting was placed, and several groups were formed a) Ag-NP 300 ug/MI gel; b) Ag-NP 500 ug/MI gel; c) Ca (OH) 2 (Ultracal from Ultradent/USA) and the control group. They were incubated at 37°C and a sample was taken every 24 h for 7 days. The Ag-NP gel showed antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis with a value of minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of 300 g/ml and 900 g/ml, respectively. When the Ag-NP gel was used as an intra-canal conducting drug in an in-vitro model, its antimicrobial effect at 300 g/ml and 500 g/ml was equivalent to the action of Ca(OH)2.