05 ± 0.50 mm, 1.02 ± 1.16 degrees; Denacam 1.50 ± 0.64 mm, 1.51 ± 0.82 degrees; P < 0.0001). Significantly smaller deviations occurred within the mandible (Denacam, 5/8 parameters). Region and marker position showed no influence. No distinct influences were found with the use of NobelGuide. Denacam might possibly be a promising alternative to static surgical guides.Denacam might possibly be a promising alternative to static surgical guides.Respiratory complications are one of the main problems in paediatric anaesthesia. Cherubism is a rare fami-lial disease causing enlargement of the mandible that may be associated with difficult intubation [1, 2]. A 5-year-old, 20 kg, ASA 1, healthy girl was evaluated for anaesthesia requested for the removal of mandibular lesions (Figure 1). She had a positive family history of cherubism; her father and cousins were affected. Radiogra-phically, the lesions demonstrated multilocular, expansile radiolucencies with mandibular enlargement. The preoperative examination was unremarkable normal neck flexion, no trismus, and a Mallampati score of 1. A venous catheter was inserted peripherally under N2O inhalation and transdermic lidocaine and prilocaine patch. The general anaesthesia combined sevoflurane and IV sufentanil. Nasotracheal intubation under direct laryngoscopy was uneventful. After the surgery, which lasted 120 minutes, she was admitted to the post anaesthesia care unit for 1 night and discharged the next day without any sequelae.Patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) due to the COVID-19 experience a high incidence (up to 43%) of venous thromboembolic events. selleck chemical While laboratory findings in COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC) show increased D-dimer and fibrinogen levels, the abnormalities in standard coagulation tests and platelet count are minimal. Recent studies suggest contribution of fibrinolysis shutdown to this phenomenon. Endothelial injury and alteration of its antithrombotic activity can lead to micro- and macrovascular thrombosis in the lungs, occurrence of which is associated with poor clinical outcome in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Additionally, the hypercoagulability induced by activation of coagulation pathways during the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection contributes to impaired organ perfusion. This, alongside with hypoxemia, leads to multiorgan failure. Various diagnostic regimens, some of which include global assays of haemostasis, are currently being published and discussed. Numerous guidelines and recommendations of scientific societies and groups of specialists have been published. However, there is no single optimal algorithm for anticoagulation treatment and monitoring specific to the ICU patients with COVID-19. The authors have attempted to summarize the data related to CAC and thrombotic disease and develop an algorithm consistent with the latest clinical practice guideline recommendations. Goal-directed fluid therapy (GDT) aims to increase stroke volume and cardiac output and improve gut perfusion. Hypertonic saline (HS) can restore the macro-and micro-circulation, increase myocardial contractility, and reduce tissue edema. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of intraoperative HS administration in GDT during gastrointestinal (GI) surgery. Forty patients who underwent GI surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this randomized controlled study. Patients received boluses of either lactated Ringer's (LR) solution, or 3% HS solution guided by an algorithm dependent on asmartphone application for estimations of pulse pressure variation (PPV). The primary outcome was the total amount of administered intraoperative crystalloid fluids in both groups. Serum sodium and time to first bowel movement after surgery were also recorded. In the HS group, patients received 1262.50 ± 318.25 mL of crystalloids compared to 2667.50 ± 670.29 mL received by patients in the LR group (P 0.05. The use of HS solution for GDT in GI surgery resulted in abeneficial reduction in positive fluid balance and possibly earlier resumption of bowel movements.The use of HS solution for GDT in GI surgery resulted in a beneficial reduction in positive fluid balance and possibly earlier resumption of bowel movements.The COVID-19 pandemic has tested the very elements of human factors and ergonomics (HFE) to their maximum. HFE is an established scientific discipline that studies the interrelationship between humans, equipment, and the work environment. HFE includes situation awareness, decision making, communication, team working, leadership, managing stress, and coping with fatigue, empathy, and resilience. The main objective of HF is to optimise the interaction of humans with their work environment and technical equipment in order to maximise patient safety and efficiency of care. This paper reviews the importance of HFE in helping intensivists and all the multidisciplinary ICU teams to deliver high-quality care to patients in crisis situations. Airway management in patients with acervical spine injury is adifficult and challenging task. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the Air-Q intubating laryngeal airway and the Ambu AuraGain laryngeal mask airway as aconduit for fibreoptic (FO) assisted endotracheal intubation in adult patients with asimulated cervical spine injury. Atotal of 66 adult patients underwent elective surgery under general anaes-thesia, and they were randomized to two groups the Air-Q (AQ) group (n = 33) and the Ambu AuraGain (AA) group (n = 33). Asimulated cervical spine injury was created using acervical collar, which was applied after the induction of general anaesthesia. Ease of insertion, time taken for successful insertion, time taken for successful FO guided endotracheal intubation, oropharyngeal leak pressure (OLP), Brimacombe score for FO laryngeal view, post-intubation complications and haemodynamic changes were recorded for both groups. The OLP was significantly higher in the AA group than in the AQ group (34.9 ± 6.4 vs. 28.6 ± 7.8 cm H 2 O; P = 0.001). Otherwise, there were no significant differences in the ease of insertion, time taken for successful insertion, time taken for successful FO guided endotracheal intubation, Brimacombe score for FO laryngeal view, haemodynamic parameters or complication rate between the two groups. Air-Q was comparably effective as Ambu AuraGain as aconduit for FO endotracheal intubation in patients with asimulated cervical spine injury; however, Ambu AuraGain has abetter seal with significant OLP.Air-Q was comparably effective as Ambu AuraGain as a conduit for FO endotracheal intubation in patients with a simulated cervical spine injury; however, Ambu AuraGain has a better seal with significant OLP.