This study presents a new perspective to boost the output of the TENG by utilizing the benefits from the nonlinear oscillator.Defect engineering in an electrocatalyst, such as doping, has the potential to significantly enhance its catalytic activity and stability. Herein, we report the use of a defect engineering strategy to enhance the electrochemical reactivity of Ti4O7 through Ce3+ doping (1-3 at. %), resulting in the significantly accelerated interfacial charge transfer and yielding a 37-129% increase in the anodic production of the hydroxyl radical (OH•). The Ce3+-doped Ti4O7 electrodes, [(Ti1-xCe x )4O7], also exhibited a more stable electrocatalytic activity than the pristine Ti4O7 electrode so as to facilitate the long-term operation. Furthermore, (Ti1-xCe x )4O7 electrodes were also shown to effectively mineralize perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) in electrooxidation processes in both a trace-concentration river water sample and a simulated preconcentration waste stream sample. A 3 at. Selleck Nivolumab % dopant amount of Ce3+ resulted in a PFOS oxidation rate 2.4× greater than that of the pristine Ti4O7 electrode. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results suggest that Ce3+ doping created surficial oxygen vacancies that may be responsible for the enhanced electrochemical reactivity and stability of the (Ti1-xCe x )4O7 electrodes. Results of this study provide insights into the defect engineering strategy for boosting the electrochemical performance of the Ti4O7 electrode with a robust reactivity and stability.Several haloalkyl organophosphate triester (OPTE) flame retardants have been restricted in some countries due to their potential health risks, but the usage of alternative haloalkyl OPTEs is of concern. In this study, we comprehensively screened for haloalkyl OPTEs in house dust using high-resolution mass spectrometry. Through halogenation-guided nontarget screening, a rare chloroalkyl OPTE, diethylene glycol bis(bis(2-chloroisopropyl)phosphate) (DEGBBCPP), was unequivocally identified (Level 1) in house dust of Beijing, North China. In addition, by screening a suspect list of 61 haloalkyl OPTEs from the EPA's CompTox Chemicals Dashboard, we tentatively identified diethylene glycol bis(bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphate) (DEGBBCEP) and ethylene bis[bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphate] (EBBCEP) (Level 2). DEGBBCPP was detected in all 45 house dust samples, and the median concentration was 98.4 ng/g (13.6-6217 ng/g), that is, approximately one-half that of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate, a traditional high-production chloroalkyl OPTE. The detection frequencies of DEGBBCEP and EBBCEP were 96% and 98%, respectively, but at relatively low median concentrations of 10.6 ng/g (from not detected to 152 ng/g) and 3.79 ng/g (from not detected to 130 ng/g), respectively. In standard house dust SRM2585, DEGBBCEP and EBBCEP were detected at 160 ± 15.7 and 1897 ± 38.8 ng/g, respectively, but DEGBBCPP was not detected. Future studies should evaluate the potential adverse health effects of these emerging flame retardants.The structural layers around oocytes make it difficult to deliver drugs aimed at treating infertility. In this study, we sought to identify nanoparticles (NPs) that could easily pass through zona pellucida (ZP), a special layer around oocytes, for use as a drug delivery carrier. Three types of NPs were tested quantum dot NPs, PE-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs (PEG/PL), and tetramethylrhodamine-loaded PLGA NPs (TRNPs). When mouse oocytes were treated with NPs, only TRNPs could fully pass through the ZP and cell membrane. To assess the effects of TRNPs on fertility and potential nanotoxicity, we performed mRNA sequencing analysis to confirm their genetic safety. We established a system to successfully internalize TRNPs into oocytes. The genetic stability and normal development of TRNP-treated oocytes and embryos were confirmed. These results imply that TRNPs can be used as a drug delivery carrier applicable to germ cells.Effective capture and rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria causing pandemic/epidemic diseases is an important task for global surveillance and prevention of human health threats. Here, we present an advanced approach for the on-site capture and detection of pathogenic bacteria through the combination of hierarchical nanostructures and a nuclease-responsive DNA probe. The specially designed hierarchical nanocilia and network structures on the pillar arrays, termed 3D bacterial capturing nanotopographical trap, exhibit excellent mechanical reliability and rapid ( less then 30 s) and irreversible bacterial capturability. Moreover, the nuclease-responsive DNA probe enables the highly sensitive and extremely fast ( less then 1 min) detection of bacteria. The bacterial capturing nanotopographical trap (b-CNT) facilitates the on-site capture and detection of notorious infectious pathogens (Escherichia coli O157H7, Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus) from kitchen tools and food samples. Accordingly, the usefulness of the b-CNT is confirmed as a simple, fast, sensitive, portable, and robust on-site capture and detection tool for point-of-care testing.Making the substrates form highly dense, homogeneous, and stable hotspots regions is important for the sensitive detection of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). A new strategy based on solvent-induced (SI) SERS substrate to form a stable interval of the hotspot for detection was explored and the enhancement factor (EF) of our SERS substrates could reach about 1.4 × 109. By preferential adsorption of alcohol solutions by Q-Sepharose microsphere (QSS) in mixed water and alcohol solutions, the size of QSS@AuNPs was dynamically adjusted and the spacing between gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was adjusted to keep the substrate in the optimal hotspot mode for the sensitive detection of SERS in the liquid state. As a real application case, such a SI-SERS strategy was employed to determine SCN- in saliva and a limit of detection (LOD) of about 10-10 M could be achieved.We propose a molecular design for lithium (Li)-ion-ordered complex structures in nonflammable concentrated electrolytes that facilitates the Li-ion battery (LIB) electrode reaction to produce safer LIBs. The concentrated electrolyte, composed of Li bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide (FSA) salt and a nonflammable tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphate (TFEP) solvent, showed no electrode reaction (i.e., no Li-ion intercalation into the negative graphite electrode); however, introducing a small molecular additive (acetonitrile [AN]) into concentrated TFEP-based electrolytes is shown to improve the battery electrode reaction, leading to reversible charge/discharge behavior. Combined high-energy X-ray total scattering experiments incorporating all-atom molecular dynamics simulations were used to visualize Li-ion complexes at the molecular level and revealed that (1) Li ions form mononuclear complexes in a concentrated LiFSA/TFEP (without additives) owing to solvation steric effects arising from the molecular size of TFEP and (2) adding a small-sized additive, AN, reduces the steric effect and triggers a change in Li-ion structures, i.