Interpretative commenting (IC) and reflective testing have recently generated interest because of their potential for adding value to Clinical laboratory testing. Physicians' perception to this post-testing service in Nigeria is unknown. This study examined the practices and physician's disposition regarding IC and reflective testing. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 232 doctors working in public and private hospitals across eight purposively selected states in Nigeria. Doctors who have worked and/or currently working in a health facility within their state of residence and who consented to participating in this survey were given a structured questionnaire to fill and return. Paper-based reporting (213; 91.8%) was the most commonly practiced reporting method. One hundred and thirty-three (57.4%) doctors responded that interpretative comments were added to laboratory reports. "Free-handed text" (85/133; 63.9%) was the most commonly practiced form of IC; 184/232 (79.3%) and 166/232 (71.6%) dcation should be addressed to improve this aspect of laboratory services in Nigeria. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. According to the ADA 2020 guidelines, individuals with unstable glycemic control should be monitored every three months by measuring glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The aim of this study was to evaluate the demand adequacy for HbA1c in the monitoring of patients with diabetes mellitus with a highly unstable glycemic control. Retrospective observational study (2016-2019). All HbA1c tests from individuals ≥18 years requested by hospital physicians were considered.Highly unstable glycemic control was defined as HbA1c≥10.0%, and their monitoring was classified as (if>3months) and if no further HbA1c measurement was performed by the laboratory.For individuals classified as , medical records were reviewed and further re-classified as [1] due to patient's responsibility, [2] attributable to the requesting physician, [3] monitored by POCT, [4] unfeasibility of monitoring or [5] referral outside our area for follow-up. During the assessed period, 1,156 patients had an HbA1c value≥10.0%. 67.5% of them were monitored either in the clinical laboratory or as POCT (33.7% optimal monitoring), whereas 21.0% patients were not monitored due to preventable situations. Lack of monitoring due to physician's reasons or patient's responsibility highlights the urgent need for an improvement.Lack of monitoring due to physician's reasons or patient's responsibility highlights the urgent need for an improvement. Although the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is directly contributing to negatively affect global health and fitness, the restrictive measures applied for containing the outbreaks are also impacting detection and management of many diseases, including cancers. This study aimed to establish if and how the COVID-19 outbreak may have impacted the practice of routine prostate cancer screening in Verona, Italy. We searched the laboratory information system of the Service of Laboratory Medicine of the University Hospitals of Verona to identify all test requests for total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and vitamin D (Vit D; i.e., the locally most requested immunochemical test) for outpatients during the last five years (December 10, 2016, to December 10, 2020). The weekly requests for these tests placed between February 25 and December 9, 2020, were compared to those placed during the same period of previous four years (i.e., 2016-2019). The volume of test requests for both Vit D and PSA did not differ in 2020 compared to previous four years. However, a dramatic decline was observed during the local lockdown period (between March 10 and May 17, 2020), with median decrease of 76% for Vit D and 62% for total PSA, respectively. This reduction was compensated by 13% increase for Vit D and 43% increase for total PSA in post-lockdown period. These results show that the lockdown period established during the first peak of the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy's Verona province was associated with a dramatic decrease in routine prostate cancer screenings.These results show that the lockdown period established during the first peak of the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy's Verona province was associated with a dramatic decrease in routine prostate cancer screenings.Patients presenting to general practitioners (GPs) with new bowel symptoms can be difficult to assess since symptoms are poor predictors of pathology. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence referral guidelines highlight features that may suggest colorectal cancer (CRC) including rectal bleeding, palpable mass, iron deficiency anaemia, but also non-specific symptoms such as weight loss. In those patients referred for investigation on the basis of symptoms alone the yield of CRC is low (2-3%). Faecal immunochemical tests (FIT) quantify faecal haemoglobin (f-Hb) and are widely used in bowel screening programmes. A number of groups have now studied the utility of FIT in patients attending primary care with new bowel symptoms. BGB-3245 molecular weight Studies have concluded that if the FIT is negative and clinical assessment and full blood count normal then the risk of underlying significant bowel disease (SBD) is extremely small. Furthermore, patients with f-Hb ≥400 μgHb/g faeces have >50% risk of SBD and should be investigated urgently. Thus, a single f-Hb requested by GPs provides both a reliable prediction of the absence of SBD, and an objective assessment of the need and urgency of further investigation.Patients with impaired renal function are at high risk for morbidity and mortality. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) even in the early stages can be associated with significant side effects of drug therapy, longer length of stay, and high costs. Correct assessment of renal function in the hospital is important to detect CKD, to avoid further damage to the kidneys, and to optimize pharmacological therapy. Current protocols for renal function testing in drug dosing are only creatinine based, are not robust enough, and can wrongly classify certain patients. Goal of our simulation study is to optimize noninvasive renal function estimates and to allow for optimal dosing of pharmacological treatment without further renal damage. Co-reporting of creatinine- and of cystatin C-derived estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) allows a personalized approach for patients with large discrepancies in eGFR and it enabled us in detecting patients at high risk for side effects due to incorrect drug dosing. This approach might be highly effective for patients as well as for clinicians.