Aortobronchial fistula (ABF) is a rare and devastating complication, if left untreated. Its main clinical manifestation is hemoptysis, and there are no defined guidelines for its treatment yet. Herein, we present the case of a 74-year-old male who complained of back pain and hemoptysis. The patient was diagnosed with pseudo-aneurysm and ABF, and he underwent hybrid thoracic endovascular aortic repair. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/picropodophyllin-ppp.html However, hemoptysis recurred. With patch aortoplasty and anatomical lung resection, successful management of ABF was achieved, with no relapse for 5 years.Early cardiac surgery was successfully performed on a patient with infective endocarditis and extensive cerebral infarction due to septic embolus, following mechanical embolectomy for proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion. Mechanical embolectomy may be useful for the success of early cardiac surgery in these patients.The current case study had described the clinical presentation, evaluation, management, and outcome of a case of primary Ewing's Sarcoma of the lung. It was presented with cough, chest pain, and hemoptysis for 3 months in a 36-year-old male. Immunostaining of the sections prepared from the blocks using CD99 antibody revealed strong continuous cell membrane staining. Tumor cells showed negative staining for leukocyte common antigen (LCA), thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1), and pan-cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) consistent with extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma (EES). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy of 6 cycles followed left lower lobectomy had led to good recovery and the patients are disease free at 18-month follow-up. Primary EES of the lung should be considered in the differential diagnosis when a young patient is presented with large mass without evidence of primary extrathoracic disease.Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a rare hematological complication associated with thymoma. Remission of PRCA occurs after thymectomy but can reappear after a latency period even without recurrence of thymoma. We report a case and we have reviewed the literature of thymoma associated with PRCA. Because of less number of reported cases, there have been no clinical trials investigating the immunosuppression regimen following thymectomy for thymoma associated with PRCA. After reviewing the literature, we came to a conclusion that thymectomy followed by immumosuppression with the cyclosporin-containing regimen is currently the most effective treatment.Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is a chronic degenerative process that implies calcification on the mitral support structure. It usually appears as a bystander to other cardiac pathologies hindering surgical treatment and increasing morbidity and mortality. When addressing the mitral valve, many surgical strategies have been suggested in the past with no clear consensus on what to choose. Moreover, and as transcatheter therapies have gained popularity over the last few decades, transcatheter mitral valve implantation has appeared as another alternative to conventional surgery. In this review, we aim at describing an overview of MAC, highlighting current challenges and treatment options as well as new potential alternatives. Post-sternotomy dehiscence and mediastinitis remains a serious complication in cardiothoracic surgery. The aim of this work is to report our experience over a period of 8years in the surgical treatment and risk factor analyses of post-sternotomy dehiscence and mediastinitis. All patients treated for post-sternotomy dehiscence at our Thoracic Surgery Unit in the last 8years were retrospectively collected. We identified 237 patients with post-sternotomy dehiscence/mediastinitis. Forty-two patients had simple fractures of the metal steel wires, 61 had an asymmetric sternotomy with multiple sternal fractures, 113 had a symmetric sternotomy with multiple sternal fractures, 14 had a failed Robicsek procedure, and 7 had sternal dehiscence with mediastinal abscess. Different surgical techniques and materials were used to repair the sternum. In 21 patients, the first revision failed and a second reoperation was required. At multivariate analyses, we have identified risk factors for revision failure and in-hospitpriate repair strategy. Patients who need repeated sternal revisions had a higher mortality. Further randomized studies are needed to evaluate different techniques and medical devices to define the gold standard procedure to reduce significantly sternal wound complications in high-risk patients as defined by well-known risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of sublobar resections and compare these with those of lobectomies in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 871 patients who underwent lobectomies or sublobar resections for early-stage lung adenocarcinomas. Two hundred thirty-five (27.0%) patients underwent sublobar resections (wedge and segmentectomies), and 636 (73.0%) underwent lobectomies. Propensity score matching resulted in 2 groups each with 219 patients. Survival analysis was performed. Mean age of matched patients was 61.9 (± 10.38, range of 21 to 91) years, mean follow-up period was 50.8 (± 27.57, range of 6.1 to 128.9) months, and mean tumor size was 15.2 (± 6.49, range of 3.0 to 45.0) mm. Overall recurrence rate was 9.4% (41 patients), and it was 8.7% (19 patients) in sublobar resection patients and 9.6% (21 patients) in lobectomy patients. Rates and sites of recurrence were not significantly different between the two surgical groups ( = 0.500 and 0.401, respectively). Overall 5-year survival and recurrence-free survival of sublobar resection patients were 90.6 and 89.5%, respectively, whereas those of lobectomy patients were 91.9 and 88.3%, respectively. No significant differences in overall 5-year survival rate or recurrence-free survival rate were found between the two groups ( = 0.636 and = 0.975, respectively). Prognosis of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma treated with sublobar resection was not inferior to that treated with lobectomy in carefully selected cases. Further investigations, including randomized controlled trials, are needed to identify the equivalent oncologic efficacy of sublobar resections.Prognosis of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma treated with sublobar resection was not inferior to that treated with lobectomy in carefully selected cases. Further investigations, including randomized controlled trials, are needed to identify the equivalent oncologic efficacy of sublobar resections.