37 in normotensive controls, 15.61 in hypertensive controls, and 43.67 in aneurysms) or normotensive controls only (mean area 2800.15 in normotensive controls vs 894.91 μm2 in aneurysms) were significant. CFSE In conclusion, there are more, smaller mitochondria in ascending aorta aneurysms. This pattern possibly corresponds to dysfunctional mitochondria, indicating that alterations in the dynamics of these organelles may play a role in the pathogenesis of thoracic aorta aneurysms and dissections. PURPOSE Recent literature stresses the importance of resilience, as a trait, for successful coping with life's difficulties or stressors. However, only a limited number of studies were conducted on resilience among people-who-stutter (PWS). These studies did not examine the association between resilience and the specific characteristics of stuttering. This study was, therefore, aimed to directly examine the association between resilience and measures of both the covert and overt characteristics of stuttering. METHOD Thirty adults who stutter completed the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the Overall Assessment of Speaker's Experience of Stuttering - Adults (OASES-A). In addition, stuttering severity of all participants was quantified using the Stuttering Severity Instrument-4 (SSI-4). The associations between all measures were examined statistically. RESULTS A strong and significant association was found between the participants' scores on the CD-RISC and the OASES-A (r= -.79, p 0.05). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the role of resilience in shaping the individual's experience with stuttering. Results also show that the individuals' resilience levels do not necessarily predict stuttering severity per se, or its overt manifestations but can predict the individuals' subjective perception of his/her stuttering. This highlights the importance of addressing and promoting resilience among PWS in stuttering therapy. PURPOSE We investigated the criteria that patients' relatives deem important for choosing, among themselves, the person best qualified to interact with the caregiving staff. METHODS Exploratory, observational, prospective, multicentre study between 1st March and 31st October 2018 in 2 intensive care units (ICUs). A 12-item questionnaire was completed anonymously by family members of patients hospitalized in the ICU 3 and 5 days after the patient's admission. Relatives were eligible if they understood French and if no surrogate had been appointed by the patient prior to ICU admission. More than one relative per patient could participate. RESULTS In total, 87 relatives of 73 patients completed the questionnaire, average age of relatives was 58 ± 15 years, 46% were the spouse, 30% were children/grandchildren. Items classed as being the most important attributes for a reference person were good knowledge of the patient's wishes and values; an emotional attachment to the patient; being a family member; and having an adequate understanding of the clinical status and clinical history. CONCLUSION This study identifies the attributes considered by relatives to be most important for designating, among themselves, a reference person for a patient hospitalized in the ICU. The social brain hypothesis is regarded as a powerful theory to understand social cognition. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have specific deficits in social and communicative behavior, but the exact relationship between these deficits and abnormalities in the social brain remains unclear. The high heritability of this disorder makes it important to focus on the first-degree relatives of those affected. Research focusing on genetically at-risk (yet healthy) relatives of patients with ASD is critical to the study of neuroimaging endophenotypes. We conducted a voxel-wise activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of 9 functional neuroimaging studies published during the period from 2006 to 2018. These studies included 200 individuals with ASD, 216 unaffected family members (UF), and 235 typical development controls (TD). The voxel-wise significance threshold was p less then 0.01 (uncorrected p = 0.001).The ALE meta-analyses showed hyperactivation in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and superior temporal gyrus (STG) among individuals with ASD and UF, compared with TD individuals. Group comparisons showed greater likelihood of hyperactivation in the amygdala for ASD, compared with UF and TD. V.BACKGROUND Osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) is crucial for regenerate periodontal tissues. In this study, we investigated the function of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) in osteogenesis of hPDLCs. METHODS HPDLCs were isolated from healthy third molar roots. HPDLCs at passage 3 were identified by morphological observation and immunohistochemistry of vimentin. The viability of hPDLCs incubated with Sal B at concentrations of 0μM, 0.1μM, 0.5μM, 1μM and 5μM were measured by CCK-8 assay. To evaluate the effect of Sal B on osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteogenic differentiation markers, and mineralized nodules were determined by ALP kit, qRT-PCR and alizarin red S staining, respectively. To confirm the function of Sal B in hPDLCs involved in Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, hPDLCs were incubated with Sal B or co-incubated with Sal B and DKK-1 (a inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin). The levels of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and osteogenic differentiation-associated indicators were then determined. RESULTS HPDLCs showed a typical fibroblast-like and spindle-shaped, with vimentin-positive. The viability of hPDLCs had no obvious change with stimulation of Sal B at various doses. Sal B promoted the increase of ALP activity, osteogenic differentiation markers levels, mineralized nodules and activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and DKK-1 could block those effects of Sal B on hPDLCs. CONCLUSION Sal B promoted osteogenesis of hPDLCs through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which providing a potential drug for periodontitis treatment. Excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β plays an important role in the chronic inflammation in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Alogliptin, an important selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor licensed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, has displayed a wide range of pharmacological capacities. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether alogliptin possessed a protective effect against IL-1β-induced insult in FLS. Our results indicate that alogliptin treatment ameliorated IL-1β-induced production of reactive oxygen species, the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and MMP-13, secretions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, and IL-8. Additionally, we found that alogliptin inhibited c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/activator protein 1 (AP-1) signaling by reducing IL-1β-induced phosphorylation of JNK, the expression of c-Jun and c-Fos, and the luciferase activity of AP-1. Importantly, alogliptin suppressed IL-1β-induced activation of IκBα/NF-κB signaling by preventing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65, as well as the luciferase activity of AP-1.