uring parturition. However, further studies need to be carried out in CART modeling to reduce dystocia in a larger sample size of Sussex heifers or other cattle breeds. This research work aimed to assess the histopathological features and degree of gastritis severity in a rat model, induced by infection after administering omeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin as the standard first-line eradication regimen. Twenty-one male rats were adapted for 7 days and randomly divided into three equal groups. Group 1 was considered a negative control. click here Group 2 and Group 3 were treated as -inoculated groups. Group 2 was set as a positive control. Group 3 was administered omeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin as a first-line eradication regimen. Gastric histopathological examination was conducted. The difference in the severity of gastritis among the groups was examined using the one-way analysis of variance test. The significance was determined to be < 0.05. Gastritis was found in all inoculated groups. The severity of gastritis was highest in Group 2 ( < 0.05). We could see a refinement in gastritis severity after administering omeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin as a first-line eradication regimen (Group 3 Group 2; <0.05). Gastritis, induced by the rat model, was found in all inoculated groups. There was a refinement in the degree of gastritis severity after the administration of omeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin as a first-line eradication regimen.Gastritis, induced by the H. pylori rat model, was found in all inoculated groups. There was a refinement in the degree of gastritis severity after the administration of omeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin as a first-line eradication regimen. Probiotics are well documented for their health benefits by developing a balanced intestinal microbiota and boosting immunity. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of a probiotic preparation Enzimsporin (consisting of spore-forming bacteria B-2998D, B-3057D, and B-2999D) on the biochemical, hematological, immunological parameters, intestinal microbiota, and growth dynamics of sheep and lambs. Enzimsporin was fed to lambs and sheep at different doses to determine the bacteria's probiotic effects. Sheep were divided into three groups (six each), which received 0, 1, and 3 gm of Enzimsporin/per head/day, respectively, and two groups of lambs (10 each), who received 0 gm and 1 gm of Enzimsporin/per head/day for 30 days in addition to their regular ration. On day 30, blood samples were collected, followed by the determination of biochemical, hematological, and natural resistance indicators. Fecal samples were examined to determine the intestinal microflora, and animals were weighed ambs of 2 months of age to increase body weight gain, improve intestinal microbiota, strengthen the immune system, and maintain normal metabolic processes.Spore-forming bacteria B. subtilis B-2998D, B-3057D, and B. licheniformis B-2999D can be used in feeding sheep and lambs of 2 months of age to increase body weight gain, improve intestinal microbiota, strengthen the immune system, and maintain normal metabolic processes. This study aimed to salvage the study population from the fatality that occurs due to iatrogenic injury to the thoracic cavity's pleural membrane. An experimental study of temporomandibular joint arthroplasty with costochondral graft was carried out on 72 healthy ' ' species of male rabbits. The rabbits were distributed into two age groups growing (3-4 months) and adult (12-18 months). All the procedures were carried out under general anesthesia with xylazine hydrochloride and ketamine hydrochloride after calculating the doses, maintained by halothane and O inhalations. Out of 72 rabbits, 33 rabbits had accidental perforation of the pleural membrane observed that required a chest drain. In this study, 21 (63.64%) rabbits received chest drain and salvaged. The rest of the rabbits ( = 12; 36.36%) that did not receive any chest drain and died. Most of the rabbits ( = 17; 81%) were under the growing group, weighing less than 2 kg and four (19%) were adult rabbits. This manual chest drain is life-saving for rabbits. It is a new addition to the advancement of thoracic surgery on animals. It is cost-effective and safe. The developed customized drainage system may make it easier to harvest the costochondral graft-related experiments.This manual chest drain is life-saving for rabbits. It is a new addition to the advancement of thoracic surgery on animals. It is cost-effective and safe. The developed customized drainage system may make it easier to harvest the costochondral graft-related experiments. Indonesia is one of the Newcastle disease (ND) endemic countries in the world. An outbreak of the ND virus (NDV) was first reported in Indonesia in 1926. This study aimed to detect, isolate, and classify the NDV by molecular approaches from poultry farms in South Sulawesi Province of Indonesia in 2019. As many as 36 pooling samples from the cloacal swab, trachea swab, proventriculus, and spleen tissues obtained from ND-suspected chickens were isolated in 11-day-old embryonated chicken eggs type-specific antibody-negative. The viruses were confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), followed by sequencing. The results showed that 18 out of 36 pooling samples were NDV-positive based on the isolation result and RT-PCR test. The sequencing results showed that 10 NDV isolates had a motif R-R-Q-K-R-F in the fusion protein cleavage site region, which suggested that the NDV isolates were of virulent pathotype. The phylogenetic studies based on the gene's partial nucleotide sequence classified the study isolates into NDV virus genotype/subgenotype VII.2. These findings are expected to help provide the latest characteristic information of NDV in South Sulawesi Province to determine the seed vaccine for control strategies of ND.These findings are expected to help provide the latest characteristic information of NDV in South Sulawesi Province to determine the seed vaccine for control strategies of ND.