Results  Seven hundred and twenty-nine answers were received in a period of 4 days, ∼ 40 days after the 1 st confirmed case in Brazil. With professionals working in public and private services, there was a high level of concerns with the disease and its consequences, limited availability of PPE and a significant decrease in the volume of specialized medical care. Conclusion  The study demonstrated a direct impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the clinical practice of specialties related to the treatment of patients with diseases of the head and neck region already in the beginning of the illness management in Brazil.Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a refractory cancer with limited treatment options and poorly understood molecular mechanisms underlying tumor development. The most effective treatment is surgical resection; however, patients are highly prone to recurrence. Moreover, considering that most patients are diagnosed in advanced stages, treatment options are restricted to palliative care, which results in poor prognosis. Due to the limited effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, targeted therapy is becoming a hot topic in the field of biliary cancer treatment. The fibroblast growth factor/fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGF/FGFR) signaling pathway involves a variety of key biological processes for cell survival, differentiation, and metabolism. Next-generation sequencing data mining has shown that high levels of FGF/FGFR expression are associated with reduced overall survival (OS) in CAA, which indicates that the FGF/FGFR pathway may be an effective target for CAA treatment. This paper reviews the effect of FGF/FGFR signaling on CCA from onset to treatment and highlights the promise of FGF/FGFR signaling pathway inhibitors for targeting CCA. Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1) is a potential target of cancer therapy. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the combined antitumor activity of a novel LSD1 inhibitor (ZY0511) with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and elucidate the underlying mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC). We evaluated LSD1 expression in CRC tissues from patients who received 5-FU treatment. The synergistic antitumor effect of 5-FU with ZY0511 against human CRC cells was detected both and . The underlying mechanism was explored based on mRNA sequencing (mRNA-seq) technology. Overexpression of LSD1 was observed in human CRC tissues, and correlated with CRC development and 5-FU resistance. ZY0511, a novel LSD1 inhibitor, effectively inhibited CRC cells proliferation, both and . Notably, the combination of ZY0511 and 5-FU synergistically reduced CRC cells viability and migration . It also suppressed Wnt/β-catenin signaling and DNA synthesis pathways, which finally induced apoptosis of CRC cells. In addition, the combination of ZY0511 with 5-FU significantly reduced CRC xenograft tumor growth, along with lung and liver metastases . Our findings identify LSD1 as a potential marker for 5-FU resistance in CRC. ZY0511 is a promising candidate for CRC therapy as it potentiates 5-FU anticancer effects, thereby providing a new combinatorial strategy for treating CRC.Our findings identify LSD1 as a potential marker for 5-FU resistance in CRC. ZY0511 is a promising candidate for CRC therapy as it potentiates 5-FU anticancer effects, thereby providing a new combinatorial strategy for treating CRC. Cancer trials involving multiple treatment lines substantially increase our understanding of therapeutic strategies. However, even when the primary end-point of these studies is progression-free survival (PFS), their statistical analysis usually focuses on each line separately, or does not consider repeated events, thus missing potentially relevant information. Consequently, the evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment strategies is highly impaired. We evaluated the potentially different effect of bevacizumab (B) administered for the first- or second-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in the ITACa (Italian Trial in Advanced Colorectal Cancer) randomized trial. The ITACa trial consisted of two arms first-line chemotherapy (CT)+B followed by second-line CT alone first-line CT alone followed by second-line CT+B or CT+B+cetuximab according to KRAS status. Cox models for repeated disease progression were performed, and potential selection bias was adjusted using the inverse probability of censoring weighting method. Hazard ratios (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] for PFS (primary endpoint) were reported. The overall effect of B across the two lines resulted in a HR = 0.80 (95% CI 0.68-0.95,  = 0.008). Evaluating the differential effect of B in first- and second-line, the addition of B to first-line chemotherapy (CT) produced a 10% risk reduction (HR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.72-1.12,  = 0.340) CT alone; B added to second-line CT produced a 36% risk reduction (HR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.49-0.84,  = 0.0011) CT alone. Our results seem to suggest that B confers a PFS advantage when administered in combination with second-line chemotherapy, which could help to improve current international guidelines on optimal sequential treatment strategies.Our results seem to suggest that B confers a PFS advantage when administered in combination with second-line chemotherapy, which could help to improve current international guidelines on optimal sequential treatment strategies. This study aimed to (a) assess the effectiveness and safety of apatinib as a subsequent treatment for patients with sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and (b) identify the clinical factors influencing their treatment outcomes. The electronic medical records of consecutive patients with newly diagnosed advanced HCC treated with first-line sorafenib from 2015 to 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who were confirmed to have primary resistance to sorafenib were enrolled in this study. The outcomes of patients treated with apatinib were compared with those of patients who received supportive care. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). A total of 92 patients with sorafenib-resistant advanced HCC (84 men and 8 women; mean age, 51.9 years) were included. Selleck PF-04965842 All patients had an etiology of hepatitis B. The median OS in the overall cohort was 5.0 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.9, 6.0]. Of 92 patients, 58 (63.0%) were treated with apatinib, and 34 (37.0%) received supportive care.