Then, weighted mean averages were obtained by combining the 6 samples. The estimated weighted mean clozapine dosages ranged from 236 to 368 mg/d (236 mg/d in 218 female nonsmokers, 256 mg/d in 340 male nonsmokers, 357 mg/d in 269 female smokers, and 368 mg/d in 546 male smokers). Our recommended dosages are less than those recommended in Europe. Future studies in European Whites need to replicate these recommended doses for average metabolizer patients after sex and smoking stratification and further explore clozapine dosing for those with relevant clinical confounders.Our recommended dosages are less than those recommended in Europe. Future studies in European Whites need to replicate these recommended doses for average metabolizer patients after sex and smoking stratification and further explore clozapine dosing for those with relevant clinical confounders. Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that leads to poor social function. Oxytocin (OXT), a neuropeptide involved in social cognition, is a potential therapeutic agent for alleviating social dysfunction. Therefore, we investigated the effects of intranasal oxytocin (IN-OXT) on emotional processes in experimental interactive social contexts in individuals with SCZ. In a male-only parallel randomized placebo-controlled double-blind trial, we investigated the effects of IN-OXT (24 IU) on visual fixation on pictures of faces and emotion recognition in an interactive ball-tossing game that probed processing of social and nonsocial stimuli. Intranasal oxytocin enhanced the recognition of emotions during an emotion-based ball-tossing game. This improvement was specific to the game that included social cue processing. Intranasal oxytocin did not affect eye gaze duration or gaze dwell time on faces in these patients. An acute low dose of IN-OXT had a modest effect on social cue processing and was limited to emotion recognition. Higher doses and long-term trials targeting emotional processing in SCZ may lead to improved social function.An acute low dose of IN-OXT had a modest effect on social cue processing and was limited to emotion recognition. Higher doses and long-term trials targeting emotional processing in SCZ may lead to improved social function. There are few efficacious pharmacological treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and many patients fail to benefit from existing treatments. Vortioxetine, a recently developed antidepressant, acts as a serotonin modulator through inhibition of the serotonin transporter and actions at multiple types of serotonin receptors. BAY-1895344 Its unique pharmacodynamic profile suggests it may have efficacy for the treatment of PTSD. We conducted a 12-week placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of vortioxetine (flexibly dosed from 10 to 20 mg/d) versus placebo in adults with PTSD. The primary outcome was change from baseline in the past-month version of the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5), analyzed using a mixed-model repeated-measures analysis of variance. Forty-one patients were randomized, and 32 (78%) completed the 12 weeks of treatment. The mean reduction in CAPS-5 scores at week 12 did not significantly differ between the 2 arms; the effect size for the difference in changes between vortioxetine and placebo on CAPS-5 total scores at week 12 was Cohen d = 0.29. However, at week 8, the drug-placebo difference was d = 0.78, which met the multivariate criteria for statistical significance, P = 0.014. In this study of 41 patients, vortioxetine did not demonstrate superiority over placebo for adults with PTSD. Future PTSD trials may benefit from stratifying the randomization based on number of years since the index traumatic event and a history of failure to respond to treatment.In this study of 41 patients, vortioxetine did not demonstrate superiority over placebo for adults with PTSD. Future PTSD trials may benefit from stratifying the randomization based on number of years since the index traumatic event and a history of failure to respond to treatment. Excessive energy intake likely favors metabolic dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia and may be, in part, the consequence of antipsychotic treatments. However, previous studies on the prevalence of bulimia and binge eating symptoms in antipsychotic-treated patients are contradictory and not sufficiently informative. The prevalence of bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and subsyndromal binge eating disorder was studied using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, criteria in 156 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder treated with antipsychotic monotherapy. The effects of different antipsychotics were compared. The prevalence of full syndromal binge eating disorder was 4.4% and that of subsyndromal binge eating disorder was 18.7% in patients (23.1% for binge eating spectrum disorder), and there were no cases of bulimia nervosa. Compared with the whole sample, binge eating spectrum disorders were significantly more prevalent in clozapine- and olanisorders in patients with psychosis is highlighted. Although clozapine is the gold standard for treatment-resistant schizophrenia, more than 30% of patients remain unresponsive to clozapine monotherapy and may benefit from augmentation strategies. Fluvoxamine augmentation of clozapine may be beneficial in treatment resistance because of pharmacokinetic interactions, allowing for lower clozapine dosages with higher clozapine serum levels and an increased clozapine-to-norclozapine ratio, which can modify adverse effects. An augmentation strategy using higher fluvoxamine doses may also improve persistent negative, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms through fluvoxamine's serotonergic activity. Through chart review, we identified 4 cases of patients with treatment-resistant psychosis who underwent high-dose fluvoxamine augmentation of clozapine to target residual negative symptoms, refractory psychosis, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. This augmentation strategy continued in 2 patients after discharge who showed clinical improvement without significant adverse effects.