Emissions of secondary products through reactions of oxidants, ozone (O3), and hydroxyl radical (·OH) with human skin lipids have become increasingly important in indoor environments. Here, we evaluate the secondary organic compounds formed through heterogeneous reactions of gaseous O3 with hand skin lipids by using a high-resolution quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometer coupled to a commercial secondary electrospray ionization (SESI) source. More than 600 ions were detected over a period of less than 40 min real-time measurements, among which 53 ions were characterized with a significant increasing trend in signal intensity at the presence of O3. Based on the detected ions, we suggest detailed reaction pathways initiated by ozone oxidation of squalene that results in primary and secondary ozonides; we noticed for the first time that these products may be further cleaved by direct reaction of nucleophilic ammonia (NH3), emitted from human skin. Finally, we estimate the fate of secondarily formed carbonyl compounds with respect to their gas-phase reactions with ·OH, O3, and NO3 and compared with their removal by air exchange rate (AER) with outdoors. The obtained results suggest that human presence is a source of an important number of organic compounds, which can significantly influence the air quality in indoor environments.The carbon-carbon (C-C) bond cleavage of cyclopropanols is a wide area of research with much current activity. This review highlights new developments in this area over the past two decades. A summary is made of the three main reactivity modes, namely, homoenolate chemistry, β-keto radical chemistry, and acid-catalyzed ring-opening, as well as all other methods for the C-C bond cleavage and functionalization of cyclopropanols, including base-mediated ring-opening, metal-catalyzed C-C insertions and eliminations, oxidative fragmentation using hypervalent iodine reagents, reactions of donor-acceptor cyclopropanols, and pericylic reactions. Emphasis is placed on the synthetic utility of cyclopropanols and related derivatives, which have emerged as unique three-carbon synthons.Although a room-temperature multiphase coexistence (MPC) strategy improves the piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of potassium sodium niobate ((K,Na)NbO3, KNN) ceramics, it still suffers from the dependencies on composition and temperature, making it remain challenging to further improve d33 and temperature stability of strain for an already-built MPC. Here, we proposed a new route to resolve this issue, that is, tuning the covalency of A-O bonds in an already-built MPC. We chose 0.96(Na0.60K0.40)(Nb0.955Sb0.045)O3-0.04(Bi0.5Na0.5)ZrO3 ceramics as an already-built MPC and replaced (Bi0.5Na0.5)2+ with Ba2+ to tune the covalency of A-O bonds. Thus, we synthesized 0.96(Na0.60K0.40)(Nb0.955Sb0.045)O3-0.04(Bi0.5Na0.5)1-xBa x ZrO3 ceramics. We not only improved d33 values from 450 pC/N (at x = 0) to 500-505 pC/N (at x = 0.05-0.10) but also obtained the enhanced temperature stability for strain at x = 0.10, outperforming that of samples with x = 0 and other KNN-based ceramics. The increased d33 is attributed to the well-preserved MPC and the repaired long-range ordering, and the improved temperature stability of strain is due to shifting the MPC to a slightly higher temperature than room temperature. Therefore, the new route is useful to further improve the performance of an already-built MPC, benefiting to the future design of MPC and the practical application of KNN-based ceramics.The PySHS package is a new python open source software tool which simulates the second harmonic scattering (SHS) of different kinds of colloidal nano-objects in various experimental configurations. Belnacasan concentration This package is able to compute polarizations resolved at a fixed scattered angle or angular distribution for different polarization configurations. This article presents the model implemented in the PySHS software and gives some computational examples. A comparison between computational results and experimental data concerning molecular dye intercalated inside liposomes membrane is presented to illustrate the possibilities with PySHS.Fingerprinting mass spectrometric analysis at atmospheric conditions has been realized using an arc plasma-based dissociation (APD) device. Because of its high energy, high temperature, and unique chemical reactivity, the thermal plasma can induce dissociation of neutral molecules or ions produced by atmospheric ion sources. Both even/odd electron (fragment) ions would be generated to provide fingerprinting structural information and molecular weight of the compounds simultaneously. Meanwhile, elimination and aromatization were observed as special dissociation patterns in this device, which can be applied in the differentiation of isomers. The good compatibility with atmospheric ion sources is demonstrated by coupling the device with nanoelectrospray ionization (nano-ESI) and zero volt paper spray ionization (PSI), respectively. With erythromycin as the tuning standard, informative dissociation spectra of various compounds can be reproducible, making it possible to establish an arc plasma-based dissociation spectra database. This device allows fingerprinting mass spectrometric analysis, with no need for harsh vacuum conditions and is promising for making a breakthrough in making up the deficiency of atmospheric ionization techniques.The high and persistent renal radioactivity levels after injection of radiolabeled low-molecular-weight polypeptides constitute a significant problem for their diagnostic and therapeutic applications, especially when they are labeled with metallic radionuclides. To improve the renal radioactivity levels of technetium-99m (99mTc)-labeled Fab fragments, a mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3)-based new bifunctional chelating agent with a cleavable glycyl-phenylalanyl-lysine (GFK) linkage, MAG3-GFK-suc-TFP, was designed, synthesized, and evaluated. 99mTc-labeled Fab was obtained by reacting MAG3-GFK-Fab conjugate with 99mTc-glucarate. The GFK linkage remained stable in plasma but was cleaved by enzymes on the renal brush border membrane. The comparative biodistribution studies with indium-111 (111In)-labeled Fab using SCN-CHX-A″-DTPA showed that while both radiolabeled Fabs exhibited similar elimination rates from the blood, [99mTc]Tc-MAG3-GFK-Fab registered much lower renal radioactivity levels from 30 min post-injection onward due to the release and subsequent urinary excretion of [99mTc]Tc-MAG3-Gly.