For active vs. inactive smartphones, group differences were found in frontal operculum/anterior insula and precentral gyrus. Negative correlations were found between MPFC, ACC, precuneus, and precentral gyrus and specific SPAI subscores, i.e. compulsive behavior, functional impairment and withdrawal. This study suggests spatial similarities of CR-related brain activation between addictive smartphone use and other well-known addictive disorders.Background and objective An accurate lateral cephalometric analysis is vital in orthodontic diagnosis. Identification of anatomic landmarks on lateral cephalograms is tedious, and errors may occur depending on the doctor's experience. Several attempts have been made to reduce this time-consuming process by automating the process through machine learning; however, they only dealt with a small amount of data from one institute. This study aims to develop a fully automated cephalometric analysis method using deep learning and a corresponding web-based application that can be used without high-specification hardware. Methods We built our own dataset comprising 2,075 lateral cephalograms and ground truth positions of 23 landmarks from two institutes and trained a two-stage automated algorithm with a stacked hourglass deep learning model specialized for detecting landmarks in images. Additionally, a web-based application with the proposed algorithm for fully automated cephalometric analysis was developed for better accessibility regardless of the user's computer hardware, which is essential for a deep learning-based method. Results The algorithm was evaluated with datasets from various devices and institutes, including a widely used open dataset and achieved 1.37 ± 1.79 mm of point-to-point errors with ground truth positions for 23 cephalometric landmarks. Based on the predicted positions, anatomical types of the subjects were automatically classified and compared with the ground truth, and the automated algorithm achieved a successful classification rate of 88.43%. Conclusions We expect that this fully automated cephalometric analysis algorithm and the web-based application can be widely used in various medical environments to save time and effort for manual marking and diagnosis.Background Prior studies have found higher proportions of cesarean deliveries and longer postpartum hospital stays among women with disabilities compared to women without disabilities. However, no research has assessed how length of stay may differ for women with different types of disability while also considering mode of delivery. Objective To examine the association of disability status and disability type with length of stay, taking into account disability-related differences in mode of delivery. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study using linked maternal and infant hospital discharge and vital records data for all births in California between 2000 and 2012 (n = 6,745,201). We used multivariable regression analyses to assess association of disability status and type with prolonged length of stay (>2 days for vaginal delivery or >4 days for cesarean) while controlling for covariates. Results Women with disabilities had significantly elevated adjusted odds of prolonged length of stay compared to women without disabilities (aOR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.32-1.49). Adjusted odds were highest for women with vision disabilities (aOR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.46-1.90), followed by women with IDD (aOR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.30-1.80), and women with physical disabilities (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.32-1.50). Women with hearing disability had the lowest adjusted odds of prolonged length of stay (aOR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.03-1.33). Conclusions Prolonged length of stay did not appear to be due solely to the higher proportion of cesarean deliveries in this population. Further research is needed to better understand the reasons for prolonged length of stay among women with disabilities and develop strategies to assist women with disabilities in preparing for and recovering from childbirth.Two healthy elderly donated their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The induced pluripotent stem cell lines (IPTi005-A and IPTi007-A) were reprogrammed by episomal vector system with Yamanaka factors OCT4, SOX2, C-MYC and KLF4. Both the two iPSC lines can differentiate into three germ layers determined by embryoid bodies (EBs) differentiation. Flow cytometry analysis showed that more than 90% cells expressed NANOG, OCT4 and SSEA4. Besides, the iPSC lines of IPTi005-A and IPTi007-A were confirmed to exhibit a normal karyotype. In the studies of age-related disease, the iPSC lines can be used as controls.In case of benign and malignant tumours affecting the maxillofacial region, the resection of jawbone reflects the standard therapy in more than 5.000 cases per year within the European Union. The resulting large bone defects lead to scarred, mangled facial appearance, loss of mastication and probably speech, requiring aesthetic and functional surgery as a basis for physical and physiological rehabilitation. Although autologous vascularized bone autografts reflect the current golden standard, the portion of bone available for the procedure is limited and subsequent high-dose anti-cancer chemo-/radiotherapy can lead to local tissue necrosis. Autologous vascularized bone from fibular or iliac-crest autografts is current golden standard in jawbone resection post-treatment, however, the portion of transplantable bone is limited and subsequent high-dose anti-cancer chemo-/radiotherapy often results in tissue necrosis Our research focuses on alternative treatment techniques tissue reconstruction via novel patient-spres and hydrogel carrier, which would provide long-time release of bone and cartilage growth factors around the implant were also done. The polymeric granulate containing βTCP improved bone cells growth, but it some modification has to be done in order to improve structural pores to ensure for better osteoconductivity. The biocompatible coating including PVP hydrogel and polymeric microspheres is still in the development process.A Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) team is trained to deal with troubling situations. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic confronted health care systems with different challenges. In Europe, the first COVID-19 patients presented in late February 2020. Our region was among the most severely affected in central Europe. Therefore, front-line operations, such as emergency departments (ED), were highly stressed by immediate demand for diagnostic swab-testing, and additional personnel were urgently needed within a short time. In the meantime, clinical activities of medical students (MS) were on hold, and teaching had to be restructured to online formats. selleck However, we expected that MS would benefit tremendously from learning opportunities through active involvement in this pandemic.